归纳推理合理性的心理学分析与回答

发布时间：2018-06-19 09:05

本文选题：休谟问题 + 前提不充分性　；参考：《自然辩证法通讯》2008年04期

【摘要】：本文回顾了前人对休谟问题的回答,分析了各种回答存在的基本问题。结合心理学对归纳推理的研究结果,提出归纳推理可分为概括和推理两阶段的观点。在此观点基础上,将归纳推理经历的思维过程分解成五部分,指出归纳前提具有不充分性特点,为表达完整的归纳推理过程构建了四个补充前提。根据归纳推理合理性取决于归纳原则是否具有保真性的思想,提出归纳原则的形式为:鐖(A,P),X∈P/鐖(A,X),论证了这个形式具有保真性,因此归纳推理具有合理性。或然性是归纳推理的基本特征,其根本原因在于归纳推理初始前提的不充分性,初始前提无法保证补充前提3和4为真,而不是归纳原则不具有保真性。
[Abstract]:This paper reviews the previous answers to Hume's question and analyzes the basic problems of the answers. Based on the research results of inductive reasoning in psychology, it is put forward that inductive reasoning can be divided into two stages: generalization and reasoning. On the basis of this viewpoint, the thinking process of inductive reasoning is decomposed into five parts, and it is pointed out that the inductive premise is not sufficient, and four supplementary premises are constructed for expressing the complete inductive reasoning process. According to the idea that the rationality of inductive reasoning depends on whether the inductive principle has fidelity or not, the form of inductive principle is put forward as follows: (1) the form of inductive principle is as follows: (1) the form of inductive principle is: (1) the form of inductive reasoning depends on whether the inductive principle has fidelity or not. Probability is the basic feature of inductive reasoning, and the fundamental reason is that the initial premise of inductive reasoning is not sufficient, and the initial premise can not guarantee the truth of supplementary premises 3 and 4, but not that the inductive principle does not have fidelity.
【作者单位】：西南大学认知与人格教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：西南大学博士基金(SWUB2007010)的资助
【分类号】：B812

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