马克思主义公平理论视阈下当代中国基本公共服务均等化研究

发布时间：2018-01-20 13:33

本文关键词： 马克思主义公平理论基本公共服务均等化　出处：《内蒙古大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：基本公共服务涉及到广大社会成员的基本生存和发展。为广大社会成员提供均等化的基本公共服务,有利于保障社会成员的基本权利,维护社会公平,体现社会主义社会的优越性。改革开放以来,随着我国经济社会的快速发展,基本公共服务供给不足和供给不均衡成为社会领域的一个突出的问题。如何在发展经济的同时维护社会公平,已经成为当代中国社会发展中一个重大的理论问题和现实问题。进入21世纪以来,中国党和政府越来越重视推行基本公共服务均等化。自2006年国家“十一五”规划《纲要》首次提出“基本公共服务均等化”以来,中国政府陆续出台了多项推进基本公共服务均等化的政策,并加大了对民生领域的投入。推进基本公共服务均等化已成为当前中国社会主义社会建设刻不容缓的任务之一。与此同时,学术界也围绕基本公共服务均等化问题展开了深入研究。目前,学术界从哲学、经济学、管理学、财政学等多个学科的理论视角来研究基本公共服务均等化的成果并不鲜见,而以马克思主义公平理论为视角对基本公共服务均等化问题进行研究的成果则不多。马克思主义公平理论,无论是从理论上还是方法论上都对当代中国基本公共服务均等化具有重要的指导意义。有鉴于此,本文以马克思主义公平理论为视角,运用辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义的方法论,以义务教育、公共卫生和社会保障三项与民生密切相关的基本公共服务为对象,对当代中国基本公共服务均等化问题进行研究,旨在丰富基本公共服务均等化的理论研究,同时为解决实际问题提供一些思路。本文分为六个部分：导论：阐释了选题背景和研究意义,对国内外研究现状进行了综述,对相关概念做了界定和辨析,并对创新点和后续研究设想进行了说明。第一章：马克思主义公平理论及其中国化。对马克思主义诞生前中、西方公平观进行了历史考察与评价,阐述了马克思主义公平理论的思想渊源、基本内容和历史地位,论述了马克思主义公平理论中国化的必然性与必要性、中国共产党历代领导集体对马克思主义公平理论的发展,以及中国化马克思主义公平理论的主要内容及其在中国特色社会主义理论体系中的地位。第二章：马克思主义公平理论与当代中国基本公共服务均等化的逻辑关系。分析了马克思主义公平理论与当代中国基本公共服务均等化的逻辑关系,阐释了马克思主义公平理论为当代中国基本公共服务均等化提供了理论指导、科学方法论,进而说明当代中国基本公共服务均等化是对马克思主义公平理论的践行。第三章：当代中国基本公共服务均等化现状及其存在的主要问题。全面、系统地梳理当代中国基本公共服务均等化的发展历程及其取得的成就,提出非均等化是当代中国基本公共服务均等化存在的主要问题,并以义务教育、公共卫生和社会保障三项与民生密切相关的基本公共服务为内容,分析了当代中国地区之间、城乡之间基本公共服务非均等化问题。第四章：当代中国基本公共服务均等化的制约因素分析。这些因素包括：一是经济发展不平衡是制约基本公共服务均等化的根本因素；二是特定历史条件下“重效率、轻公平”的价值导向是制约基本公共服务均等化的现实因素；三是政府职能转变不到位及公共财政制度不健全、转移支付制度不完善、城乡差异化的公共服务供给制度以及以GDP为导向的绩效考核机制是制约基本公共服务均等化的制度因素。第五章：马克思主义公平理论指导下当代中国基本公共服务均等化的实现路径。提出：一是把“以人为本”的价值导向、“成果共享”的核心理念以及“人的尊严”的最终归宿,作为马克思主义公平理论指导下实现当代中国基本公共服务均等化的价值取向；二是以促进区域协调发展、城乡协调发展,作为马克思主义公平理论指导下实现当代中国基本公共服务均等化的根本途径；三是以转变政府职能与完善公共财政制度、完善转移支付制度、建立城乡统一的公共服务供给制度以及建立基本公共服务均等化的激励和约束机制,作为马克思主义公平理论指导下实现当代中国基本公共服务均等化的制度保障。
[Abstract]:Basic public services related to basic survival and development of the majority of members of the community. With the equalization of basic public services for the majority of members of the community, is conducive to the protection of basic rights of the members of the society, maintain social justice, reflect the superiority of the socialist society. Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid development of China's economy and society, the insufficient supply of basic public services and the unbalanced supply has become a prominent problem in the field of society. How in the development of the economy and maintain social justice, has become a major theoretical and practical issues of contemporary China social development. Since the beginning of twenty-first Century, Chinese the party and the government pay more attention to the implementation of the equalization of basic public services. Since 2006 11th Five-Year "planning outline > < first proposed the" equalization of basic public services ", China government have promulgated a number of basic public services to promote Service equalization policy, and increase the area of people's livelihood investment. Promote the equalization of basic public services has become one of the urgent China socialist construction task at present. At the same time, the academic circles also focus on the equalization of basic public services issues in-depth research. At present, the academic circles from philosophy, economics, management, finance from the perspective of theory of multiple disciplines to study the equalization of basic public service achievements is not uncommon, but by Marx's justice theory is studied from the perspective of the equalization of basic public services is not much. The results of Marx's theory of justice, whether in theory or methodology of Contemporary Chinese equal basic public services it has important guiding significance. In view of this, the Marx doctrine of fairness from the perspective of the theory of dialectical materialism and historical materialism The methodology to compulsory education, public health and social security three basic public services are closely related to people's livelihood as the object of study on contemporary Chinese equalization of basic public services, to enrich the theoretical research of the equalization of basic public services, and provide some ideas to solve practical problems. This paper is divided into six parts the introduction describes the research background and significance, summarizes the research status at home and abroad, this part defines the relevant concepts and analysis, and the innovation and the future research ideas are illustrated. The first chapter: Marx's equity theory and its China. Before the birth of the Marx doctrine, the western concept of Justice the historical investigation and evaluation, expounds the thought origin of Marx's theory of justice, the basic contents and historical status, discusses Marx's theory of justice China inevitability With the necessity of the development of Marx's theory of justice Chinese Communist Party leadership, as well as the main contents of Marx's theory of justice China and in the theoretical system of socialism Chinese's status. The second chapter: the logic of the relationship between Marx's justice theory and contemporary Chinese equalization of basic public services. Analyzes the logical relationship of Marx's fair theory and contemporary China equalization of basic public services, the interpretation of the Marx doctrine of justice theory provides theoretical guidance for the equalization of basic public services China, scientific methodology, and explains the contemporary Chinese equal basic public services is the practice of Marx's theory of justice. The third chapter: the current situation and main problems of contemporary Chinese equal the basic public service. Overall, combing the contemporary Chinese equal access to basic public service system The development course and achievements, the non equalization is the main problems of contemporary China equalization of basic public services, and to compulsory education, public health and social security three basic public services are closely related to people's livelihood as the content, analysis of contemporary China region, between urban and rural basic public service equalization the problem. The fourth chapter: analysis of restricting factors of contemporary China equalization of basic public services. These factors include: one is the imbalance of economic development is the fundamental factors restricting the equalization of basic public services; the two is "efficiency under specific historical conditions, the value orientation of light fair" is a realistic factor restricting the equalization of basic public services three; the transformation of government functions is not in place and the public finance system is not perfect, imperfect transfer payment system, public service system of urban and rural differences as well as GDP Oriented performance assessment mechanism is the institutional factors restricting the equalization of basic public services. The fifth chapter: the path to realize the guidance of Marx's theory of justice in contemporary Chinese equalization of basic public services. Put forward: one is the value orientation of "people-oriented", "the end of the core concept of achievement sharing" and "human dignity" and as the value orientation of contemporary China equalization of basic public services of the guidance of Marx's theory of justice; the two is to promote regional coordinated development, coordinated development of urban and rural areas, as a fundamental way to the guidance of Marx's theory of justice under the contemporary Chinese equalization of basic public services; the three is to transform government functions and perfecting the system of public finance, perfecting the transfer payment system, the establishment of a unified public service supply system and the establishment of the equalization of basic public services and incentives The restraint mechanism, under the guidance of Marx's theory of fairness, realizes the institutional guarantee of the equalization of basic public services in contemporary China.

【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：A81;D630

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