安徽省城乡居民收入和消费变化动态及差别研究

发布时间：2018-01-30 10:41

本文关键词： 城乡居民收入及结构生活消费消费构成　出处：《安徽农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：1、通过城乡居民收入包括工资性收入、经营性收入、财产性收入、转移性收入；消费性支出包括食品、衣着、居住、家庭设备用品及服务、医疗保健、交通和通信、教育文化娱乐服务等,分析城乡居民收入的差距、收入结构的差别；消费支出的差距、消费结构的差别；城乡居民近十三年来收入增长的速度、消费结构的变化。得出初步结论：(1)我省城镇居民年总收入呈明显上升,平均年递增12.26%；工资性收入、经营性收入、财产性收入、转移性收入也呈上升态势,年递增分别为11.79%、16.90%、20.57%、12.77%。居民平均工资性收入、经营性收入、财产性收入、转移性收入分别占总收入65.67%、7.65%、2.13%、24.55%,工资性收入成为城镇居民收入的主体。(2)农村居民年收入也呈明显上升,平均年递增11.26%,增速较城镇居民小一个百分点；工资性收入、经营性收入、财产性收入、转移性收入同样呈上升态势,年递增分别为15.91%、8.50%、12.46%、19.01%。转移性收入增速最快,经营性收入增速最慢。居民工资性收入、经营性收入、财产性收入、转移性收入分别占总收入30.69%、61.81%、1.44%、6.05%。与城镇居民收入不同,经营性收入是农民家庭收入的主体。(3)城镇居民年消费总支出呈明显上升,平均年递增10.92%,低于收入增速的12.26%。食品、衣着、居住、家庭设备用品及服务、医疗保健、交通和通信、教育文化娱乐服务、杂项商品与服务八大类消费支出呈上升趋势,年均增速分别为9.60%、10.94%、12.24%、8.77%、12.82%、17.15%、10.69%、7.37%,交通和通信费用支出增速最大。食品支出是消费支出的主体,占40%以上,其次是教育文化娱乐服务支出,占12.03%。(4)农村居民年消费总支出也呈明显上升,平均年递增11.94%,与收入增速的11.26%基本持平。食品、衣着、居住、家庭设备用品及服务、医疗保健、交通和通信、教育文化娱乐服务、杂项商品与服务八大类消费支出呈上升趋势,年均增速分别为9.55%、12.66%、14.46%、15.86%、18.91%、18.67%、7.59%、8.72%,医疗保健费用支出增速最大。食品消费支出与城镇居民消费支出一样,成为消费主体,占40%以上,达42.71,其次是居住支出,占18.92%。(5)近年来安徽省城乡家庭人均年收入,城镇高于农村,平均是2.45倍；近13年间年均增速农村较城镇低一个百分点。但是从2012年开始,农村人均年收入增速大于城镇,2013年这种增长态势仍然维持。从结构分析看,城镇居民经营性收入、财产性收入增速高于农村,而农村居民工资性收入、转移性收入高于城镇居民。(6)安徽省城乡居民年人均消费性支出,城镇高于农村,平均2.98倍,近年来消费支出城乡差在缩小。支出年均增速农村较城镇高一个百分点。在八大类消费支出中,城镇交通和通信费用支出增速最大,而农村医疗保健费用支出增速最大。城镇居民与农村居民食品支出都为消费主体,城镇支出排后依次为教育文化娱乐服务、交通和通信、衣着、居住、医疗保健、家庭设备用品及服务、杂项商品与服务；而农村为居住、教育文化娱乐服务、交通和通信、医疗保健、衣着、家庭设备用品及服务、杂项商品与服务。说明城镇除吃外,看重文教娱乐；而农村看重盖房子。(7)收入决定消费,城乡居民收入与消费呈显著直线相关,城镇居民收入与消费相关系数为0.9987,农村居民这一相关系数为0.9915。2、提出了提高城乡居民收入的合理化建议：对城镇居民,工资性收入是城镇居民收入大头,可以加大对垄断行业高工资、高收入群体的监管力度,迫使这部分人群按章纳税,让贫穷的人群分得一点他们吃不了的“羹”；对低收入人群可采取发放“间歇性”工资方式,即每逢年过节根据人群收入按照倒金字塔比例发放一定量购物券,既提高这部分人收入,向“橄榄型”中部靠拢,又拉动内需。对农村居民收入提高,主要还是要增加农村居民家庭经营性收入,其次加大农村人口转移力度,提高工资性收入。一是必须加快调整农产品结构,发展多种经营,引导农户面向市场,生产附加值高的农产品；二是必须提高农产品质量,促进农产品的加工转化,特别是精深加工；三是采取适度规模经营,推进农业机械化水平,降低农业生产成本。3、对农村消费市场进行了分析,并提出扩大农村消费市场的建议。分析得出：影响扩大农村消费市场因素主要有：(1)落后的收入水平制约了农民的购买能力。(2)滞后的社会保障制度制约了农民朋友的消费预期。(3)市场的销售的商品质量安全得不到有力保障,限制了农村地区居民的购买力。(4)针对农村地区居民开发销售的商品不足,满足不了他们的消费意愿。(5)农村的基础设施建设不够先进,影响农村消费结构的升级。(6)流通网络残缺不全,影响农村购买力的实现。提出了扩大农村需求,促进农村消费升级的突破口在于提高和创新农村住房需求上,带动家庭设备用品及服务、交通和通讯等消费。
[Abstract]:1, the income of urban and rural residents including wage income, operating income, property income and transfer income; consumption expenditure including food, clothing, housing, household appliances and services, medical care, transportation and communication, education, culture and entertainment services, analysis of the income gap between urban and rural residents, income structure difference; the consumption expenditure gap, the difference between urban and rural residents consumption structure; nearly thirteen years of income growth rate, changes in consumption structure. Conclusions: (1) the total annual income of urban residents in our province was significantly increased, the average annual increase of 12.26%; wage income, operating income, property income and transfer income rise, annual growth were 11.79%, 16.90%, 20.57%, 12.77%. average wage income, operating income, property income and transfer income accounted for 65.67% of total revenue, 7.65%, 2.13%, 24.55%, salary Income has become the main income of urban residents. (2) the annual income of rural residents was also increased significantly, the average annual increase of 11.26%, the growth rate of urban residents is small percentage points; wage income, operating income, property income and transfer income also increased, annual growth were 15.91%, 8.50%, 12.46%. 19.01%. transfer income the fastest growth rate, operating income growth rate is the slowest. Residents of wage income, operating income, property income and transfer income accounted for 30.69% of total revenue, 61.81%, 1.44%, 6.05%. and the income of urban residents is not the same, business income is the main body of rural household income of urban residents (3). The annual consumption expenditure was significantly increased, the average annual increase of 10.92%, lower than the income growth of 12.26%. food, clothing, housing, household appliances and services, medical care, transportation and communication, education and entertainment, miscellaneous goods and services eight Consumer spending is rising, with an average annual growth rate was 9.60%, 10.94%, 12.24%, 8.77%, 12.82%, 17.15%, 10.69%, 7.37%, transport and communications expenditure growth. Food expenditure is the main consumer spending, accounting for more than 40%, followed by education and entertainment expenses, accounting for 12.03%. (4 years) of rural residents total consumption expenditure is also significantly increased, the average annual increase of 11.94%, basically flat with the income growth of 11.26%. Food, clothing, housing, household appliances and services, medical care, transportation and communication, education and entertainment, miscellaneous goods and services eight categories of consumer spending is rising, with an average annual growth rate was 9.55%, 12.66% 14.46%, 15.86%, 18.91%, 18.67%, 7.59%, 8.72%, and health care expenditure growth. The maximum food consumption expenditure and consumption expenditure of urban residents, become the main consumer, accounting for more than 40%, up to 42.71, followed by the living expenses accounted for. 18.92%. (5) in recent years, Anhui Province Rural family per capita income of urban than rural areas, the average is 2.45 times the average annual growth rate of nearly 13 years; rural than urban one percentage point lower. But from the beginning of 2012, rural per capita income grew faster than urban, in 2013 the growth is still maintained. From the analysis of the structure of urban residents. Operating income, property income growth rate is higher than the rural areas, and rural residents wage income, transfer income is higher than urban residents. (6) Anhui province urban and rural residents per capita consumption expenditure and urban than rural areas, an average of 2.98 times, in recent years, consumer spending in the urban and rural difference narrowed. The average annual growth rate of rural towns is spending a high%. In the eight categories of consumer spending in urban transport and communications expenditure growth, while the cost of medical care in rural areas. The largest food expenditure of urban residents and rural residents are the main consumer spending After spending, urban row are education cultural and entertainment services, transport and communications, clothing, housing, medical care, household appliances and services, miscellaneous goods and services; and rural residential education, cultural and recreational services, transport and communications, health care, clothing, household appliances and services, miscellaneous goods and services in addition to eat. Urban, rural and cultural entertainment value; value house. (7) income decides consumption, income of urban and rural residents showed a significant linear correlation with consumption, income and consumption of urban residents the correlation coefficient is 0.9987, the correlation coefficient of rural residents was 0.9915.2, put forward reasonable suggestions to improve the income of urban and rural residents. For urban residents, the wage income is the income of urban residents is big, can increase the monopoly of the industry high wages, supervision of high income groups, this part of the crowd forced to pay taxes, let the poor people share They could eat a little soup; for low income people can take out "intermittent" wages, namely every year according to the income in accordance with the payment of a certain amount of the proportion of the inverted Pyramid shopping coupons, both to improve this part of income, closer to the "olive" in the middle, and pull domestic demand on the income of rural residents. The main improvement is to increase the operational income of rural households, then increase the transfer of rural population to raise wages income. One is to speed up the adjustment of agricultural structure, the development of a variety of business, to guide farmers to face the market, the production of high value-added agricultural products; the two is to improve the quality of agricultural products, promote agricultural products processing the transformation, especially deep processing; three is to take the appropriate scale of operation, promote the level of agricultural mechanization, reducing the agricultural production cost.3, the rural consumer market is analyzed, and the expansion of rural The consumer market. Analysis: the main impact to expand rural consumption market factors are: (1) the income level of the backward restricted farmer purchasing power. (2) the lag of social security system has restricted the farmers consumer expectations. (3) the market sales of goods quality and safety can not be ensured. Limit the purchasing power of residents in rural areas. (4) for the development of rural area residents sales commodity shortage, can not meet their consumption desire. (5) rural infrastructure construction is not advanced enough, affecting the rural consumption structure upgrading. (6) flow through a network of incomplete, affect rural purchasing power of the implementation is proposed. Expanding rural demand, promote the breakthrough of rural consumption upgrading lies in the improvement and innovation of rural housing demand, driven by household appliances and services, transportation and communications consumption.

【学位授予单位】：安徽农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F124.7;F126.1

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