美国加图研究所研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 06:46

本文选题：加图研究所　切入点：美国　出处：《东北师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：根据美国宾夕法尼亚大学“智库与市民社会项目”(The Think Tanks and Civil Societies Program)的研究,加图研究所是当今美国国内政策研究领域的十大顶尖智库之一,在美国社会的许多领域都有着重要的影响力。与其他美国的顶尖智库相比,加图研究所最大的独特之处在于,它并不属于美国政治中传统的自由派与保守派两大阵营,而是秉持自由意志主义的思想理念,这使得其在美国的顶尖智库中独树一帜。加图研究所由一个默默无闻的政策研究机构,发展为当今美国的知名智库,除了时代的机遇和得当的运营策略,更与其自由意志主义理念有着直接的关系。新世纪以来,特别是2008年金融危机后美国政治所经历的一系列事件表明自由意志主义理念正在成为当代美国政治思潮中的一股新兴力量。而加图研究所的成功正是得益于自由意志主义理念在美国社会的快速发展。借助于大量一手史料和前人研究成果,本文将以加图研究所为研究对象,探究该所的发展历程,并对其所秉持的自由意志主义理念的理论渊源和历史演变进行梳理,同时就加图研究所如何在具体的政治议程中实践这一理念,并由此突破美国传统的两极政治格局,成为当今美国独具思想特色的顶尖智库进行更为深入地研究。通过这一研究,助于我们进一步认识到当代美国的智库文化,以及当今美国政治可能正在经历的一些重要变化。除引言和结语外,本文将分为三个章节,第一章对加图研究所的成立背景、发展历程、组织机构和其影响力来源等问题进行初步介绍。第二章则从理论渊源和时代背景两大视角出发对现代美国自由意志主义理念的产生和发展进行研究,并分析这一理念对于加图研究所政治立场和政策观点的影响。第三章是案例研究,以20世纪70年代末以来美国的社会保障制度改革和2010后美国反奥巴马医改法案的一系列司法诉讼案为案例,研究加图研究所如何在现实中实践其自由意志主义理念,并产生了哪些影响。由此进一步分析这一理念的特征和局限,及其给加图研究所的发展所带来的影响等问题。
[Abstract]:According to the University of Pennsylvania in the United States think tank and civil society project "(The Think Tanks and Civil Societies Program) of the Cato Institute is one of the top ten domestic policy research think-tank in the United States today, all have important influence in many fields of American society. Compared with other leading think tanks in the United States, Cato studies unique the biggest is that it does not belong to the liberal tradition of American politics and conservative two camps, but with libertarian ideas, which makes it become an independent school in the United States. The top think tank Cato Institute by the Policy Research Institute, a think-tank for the development of well-known unknown to the public, in the United States, in addition to the times the opportunity and the appropriate operating strategy, and more libertarian has a direct relationship. Since the new century, especially the 2008 financial crisis A series of political events in the United States experienced after the machine showed that the libertarian idea is becoming an emerging force in contemporary political thought in the United States. But the Cato Institute's success is due to the libertarian philosophy in the rapid development of American society. With the help of a large number of first-hand historical data and previous research results, this paper will explain research institute as the research object, explore the history of the development of the Institute, and to uphold the libertarian theory of the origin and evolution of carding, and at the same time, the Cato Institute in specific political agenda in the practice of this concept, and thus breaks through the traditional American polar politics, becoming the top think tank today the United States has thinking characteristics for more in-depth study. Through this research, helps us to further understanding of contemporary culture in the United States think tank, and the American political Some important changes are going through. Except the introduction and conclusion, this article is divided into three chapters, the first chapter of the research background of the establishment of the Cato, development course, problems of organization and its influence source are introduced. The second chapter from the theoretical origin and background of the two perspective on the emergence and development of modern the United States libertarian philosophy research, and analyze the influence of this theory for the Cato Institute of politics and policy issues. The third chapter is the case study, in 1970s since the end of the American social security system reform and the 2010 after the United States anti Obama health care reform bill a series of judicial litigation as a case study to the Cato Institute in practice the libertarian philosophy, and to produce what effect. The further analysis of the characteristics and limitations of this concept, and to research the Cato The impact of the development.

【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C932

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