精准扶贫视角的农村小额人身保险研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 00:04

本文选题：精准扶贫　切入点：农村小额人身保险　出处：《广西大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在我国农村,贫困农户多从事传统种植业、养殖业等产业,自营为主,收入来源单一,抗灾能力不强,加之农业产业本身生产周期长,易受外界各种因素影响,导致因灾返贫、因病致贫现象略为突出,造成农户普遍处于收入低、不稳定的状况中。有数据显示,农产业收入以及转移收入在农村家庭中占据主导地位:以广西省为例,2016年农村常住居民人均可支配收入首次突破万元大关,为10359元,其中,人均工资性收入2848元,而第二产业人均净收入仅为119元。扶贫过程中,“大众式普惠”政策不断暴露其弊端,因而,现阶段我国正逐渐向适度竞争式扶贫政策过渡,旨在让扶贫的政策福利更精准、更公平地惠及贫困户,培养其主动脱贫的内生动力。精准扶贫关系社会民生,是我国扶贫开发战略的前进方向,即通过上门入户进行信息采集,深入了解每村每户的贫困状况,并以此为依据建档立卡,识别贫困人口,挖掘致贫原因,按照每户实际情况、制定有针对性的帮扶措施。以此为基础,在全国农村范围内建立扶贫信息系统,实行持续追踪、动态管理,完善扶贫资金管理制度,不断优化扶贫资源配置和提升政策实施质量。在此国情背景下,向农户提供基于精准扶贫的小额人身保险对帮助其扩大再生产具有重要意义。正如《农村小额人身保险试点方案》所强调的、积极发展小额人身保险,能够有效服务“三农”、扩大对农村地区低收入群体的保障保险覆盖面、满足其抗风险需求,因而对我国社会具有十分重要的意义。我国农村小额人身保险发展较晚,直至2008年中旬推出试点方案,才标志着我国农村小额人身保险正式启动。随着小额人身保险在省、市、自治区农村地区的不断推行、实践,对于农村小额人身保险的理论研究也在不断深入。近几年的试点反馈表明,现阶段我国小额人身保险在农村地区的发展势头不强,农民因认知有限等原因对小额人身保险的购买热情不高,关于农村小额人身保险的监管法规存在一定不足、实际发展遇到了一定的障碍,还需对其作进一步的改善。因而,本文基于精准扶贫视角,在分析农村小额人身保险的现状及实践困境的基础上,借鉴并总结国外及我国各试点省市的开展经验与启示,进行小额人身保险业务在贫困农户中运行的可持续性研究,试图从这一险种在农村地区推行时的营销力度、产品创新速度、地区差别化缴费、区域运营模式和政府的政策支持等角度提出可行性发展对策,旨在逐步优化我国农村地区的社保体系,促使小额人身保险在我国农村市场上健康、持续地发展。
[Abstract]:In China's rural areas, poor farmers are mostly engaged in traditional planting and breeding industries, mainly self-employed, with a single source of income and weak resilience to disasters. In addition, the agricultural industry itself has a long production cycle and is vulnerable to various external factors, resulting in a return to poverty due to disasters. The phenomenon of poverty caused by illness is slightly prominent, causing farmers to be generally in a situation of low income and instability. In 2016, the per capita disposable income of rural residents broke through the 10, 000 yuan mark for the first time, which was 10359 yuan, of which, the per capita wage income was 2, 848 yuan. However, the per capita net income of the secondary industry is only 119 yuan. In the process of poverty alleviation, the policy of "popular inclusive benefit" has continuously exposed its drawbacks. Therefore, at the present stage, China is gradually transitioning to a moderately competitive poverty alleviation policy aimed at making the policy welfare of poverty alleviation more accurate. More equitably benefiting poor households and cultivating their endogenous motive force to actively lift out poverty. Precision poverty alleviation is the direction of our country's poverty alleviation development strategy, which is to collect information from households, and to deeply understand the poverty situation of each village household. On the basis of this, we should set up a grade card, identify the poor population, dig out the causes of poverty, formulate targeted measures of assistance according to the actual situation of each household. On this basis, we will set up an information system for poverty alleviation in the rural areas of the country, and carry out continuous tracking. Dynamic management, improvement of the financial management system for poverty alleviation, continuous optimization of the allocation of poverty relief resources and improvement of the quality of policy implementation. The provision of micro-personal insurance based on precision poverty alleviation to farmers is of great significance in helping them expand reproduction. As emphasized in the pilot Program for Rural Microlife Insurance, we should actively develop micro-personal insurance. It can effectively serve the "three rural areas", expand the coverage of security insurance for low-income groups in rural areas, and meet its demand for resisting risks, so it is of great significance to our society. The development of small personal insurance in rural areas is relatively late. It was not until mid-2008 that the pilot program was launched, which marked the official start of small personal insurance in rural areas of our country. With the continuous implementation and practice of small personal insurance in rural areas of provinces, cities and autonomous regions, The theoretical research on small personal insurance in rural areas is also deepening. Feedback from the pilot projects in recent years shows that the development momentum of small personal insurance in rural areas is not strong at the present stage. Due to limited cognition and other reasons, farmers do not have a high enthusiasm for the purchase of micro-personal insurance. There are certain deficiencies in the regulation and regulations on rural micro-personal insurance, and the actual development has encountered certain obstacles, which need to be further improved. As a result, Based on the perspective of accurate poverty alleviation, this paper analyzes the current situation and practical difficulties of rural small personal insurance, and sums up the experience and enlightenment of the pilot provinces and cities abroad and in China. In order to study the sustainability of the small personal insurance business in the poor farmers, this paper tries to analyze the marketing strength, the speed of product innovation, and the differential payment of the insurance in rural areas. In order to optimize the social security system in rural areas of our country step by step and promote the healthy and sustainable development of small personal insurance in the rural market, this paper puts forward feasible development countermeasures from the angle of regional operation mode and government policy support.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.8;F842.6

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