我国政府社会救助支出对民间慈善捐赠挤出效应的实证分析

发布时间：2018-03-12 14:55

本文选题：社会救助支出　切入点：慈善捐赠　出处：《武汉大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,伴随着我国经济迅速发展和人民生活水平显著提高的同时,收入差距进一步拉大,社会矛盾激化,城乡贫困人口数量居高不下等问题也进一步涌现。人们逐渐意识到,建立由政府主导的社会保障制度来确保当前的社会需求固然重要,但是单靠政府公共财政支持这一体系是远远不够的。在这样的背景下,慈善作为第三次收入分配的"温柔之手",悄然步入了我们的视野。自1981年我国建立具有半官方性质的中国少年儿童基金会,到2004年党的十六届四中全会第一次明确提出要"健全社会保险、社会救助、社会福利和慈善事业相衔接的社会保障体系",再到审议良久的《慈善法》终于在2016年得以落地,在建国后历经一波三折的我国的慈善事业,终于再次迎来了蓬勃发展的春天。与我国慈善事业一起得到迅速发展的还有对各个学科对于慈善的学术研究。国内学者从不同角度,采用不同方法,细致剖析着我国慈善事业的发展步履,以期能够为我国慈善事业的健康稳步发展提供客观严谨的建议。本文所关注的问题则是对于我国慈善捐赠挤出效应的研究。实质上关于慈善捐赠挤出效应的研究在许多欧美国家的学术领域早已不是一个新的命题,但在我国专门对于这一问题的研究却寥寥可数,甚至对于慈善捐赠行为的专门研究都不太丰富。有鉴于此,本文在总结和归纳国内外在这一主题上的研究状况的基础上,利用1997年至2014年我国省级政府社会救助支出和慈善捐赠数据,构建静态面板数据,实证检验了我国政府社会救助支出对于民间慈善捐赠的挤出效应。实证结果发现,我国政府在社会救助方面的公共财政支出确实对民间慈善捐赠行为产生了较为显著的挤出效应,但挤出程度比较弱小。同时,我们还发现社会保险覆盖情况、社会组织发展状况、教育发展以及自然灾害受灾情况都能够对慈善捐赠产生显著影响。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, along with the rapid economic development and the remarkable improvement of the people's living standards in China, the income gap has further widened and social contradictions have intensified. Problems such as the high number of people living in poverty in urban and rural areas are also emerging. People have come to realize that it is important to establish a government-led social security system to ensure current social needs. But it is not enough to rely solely on government public finances to support the system. Charity, as the "gentle hand" of the third income distribution, has quietly stepped into our view. Since 1981, China has established a semi-official China Children's Fund. In 2004, for the first time, the fourth Plenary session of the 16 CPC Central Committee explicitly proposed to "improve the social security system of social insurance, social assistance, social welfare and philanthropy," and finally, after a long deliberation, the Charities Law finally landed on 2016. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the philanthropy of our country has experienced a series of twists and turns, and has finally ushered in a booming spring. With the rapid development of philanthropy in our country, there has also been academic research on philanthropy in various disciplines. Domestic scholars have come from different angles. Using different methods, carefully analyzing the development of philanthropy in China, In order to provide objective and rigorous advice for the healthy and steady development of philanthropy in China, this paper focuses on the study of the crowding-out effect of charitable donation in China. The academic field in many European and American countries is no longer a new proposition. However, there are very few studies on this issue in our country, and even the special research on charitable donation is not very rich. In view of this, this paper summarizes and summarizes the research situation on this subject at home and abroad. Based on the data of social aid expenditure and charitable donation of provincial government from 1997 to 2014, the static panel data is constructed to test the crowding out effect of social aid expenditure on private charitable donation. Our government's public expenditure on social assistance does have a more significant crowding-out effect on private charitable donation, but the degree of extrusion is weaker. At the same time, we also find that social insurance coverage. The development of social organizations, education and natural disasters can have a significant impact on charitable donations.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D632.9

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