厦门市各区基本公共服务均等化问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-18 16:46

本文选题：基本公共服务均等化　切入点：义务教育　出处：《集美大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：厦门市作为我国东南沿海经济先发城市以及最早开放的经济特区之一,地方总体经济与财政收入一直保持着稳定快速的增长,但由于自然经济条件的差异以及岛内岛外历史发展等方面的原因,各辖区在经济社会发展水平尤其是基本公共服务水平方面出现了较大的差异。基本公共服务的不均等不仅会制约厦门市整体经济发展速度、不利于全市长远规划发展,更会威胁到一个社会的公正理念,带来一系列社会问题。推进各区基本公共服务均等化进程已然成为当务之急,对该问题的研究更是意义重大。本文的研究目的就在于分析厦门市各区基本公共服务的不均等现象、找出其薄弱环节并给出相对合理的建议。首先,本文在梳理基本公共服务均等化的相关研究文献和基本概念的基础上,根据本文特点把本文对基本公共服务的研究范围界定在与民生最直接最相关的义务教育、医疗卫生和社会保障三大方面,介绍了厦门市基本公共服务的概况以及厦门市政府在基本公共服务均等化方面的规划目标。其次,以厦门市各区基本公共服务供给差异为切入点,确定了衡量厦门市基本公共服务均等化的指标体系,对现有统计数据及实地调研所得资料进行整理计算,量化测度了厦门市各区基本公共服务供给中义务教育、医疗卫生和社会保障的不均等现象。结果表明:义务教育方面的均等化水平相对较高,但同安区、翔安区存在重“量”轻“质”的现象;社会保障服务的不均等现象较义务教育方面要严重一些,基本公共资源分配不均,忽视了过程均等,不同辖区居民受到较严重的差别待遇;医疗卫生方面的“质”和“量”都存在严重的不均等现象,同安区、翔安区的硬件设施与资金支出都远远落后于其他地区。最后,结合厦门市基本公共服务均等化的实际状况,提出推进其均等化进程的基本思路,在健全公共财政体制、提高地方财力、完善转移支付制度、改革基本公共服务供给机制及其绩效评价等方面,进一步提出厦门市乃至全国或具有相同地位的副省级城市和地区推进基本公共服务均等化进程的对策建议。
[Abstract]:Xiamen, as one of the first coastal economic development cities in southeast China and one of the earliest special economic zones, has maintained a steady and rapid growth in its overall economic and financial revenue. However, due to the differences in natural and economic conditions and the historical development inside and outside the island, There are great differences in the level of economic and social development, especially in the level of basic public services. Inequality in basic public services will not only restrict the overall economic development rate of Xiamen City, but will not be conducive to the long-term planning and development of the city. It will also threaten the concept of justice in a society and bring about a series of social problems. It has become imperative to promote the equalization of basic public services in all districts. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the inequality of basic public services in various districts of Xiamen, to find out its weak links and to give relatively reasonable suggestions. On the basis of combing the relevant research documents and basic concepts of equalization of basic public services, this paper defines the research scope of basic public services in the compulsory education, which is most directly and most relevant to the people's livelihood, according to the characteristics of this paper. In this paper, the general situation of basic public services in Xiamen and the planning objectives of Xiamen municipal government in equalization of basic public services are introduced. Based on the differences in the supply of basic public services in various districts of Xiamen, this paper determines the index system to measure the equalization of basic public services in Xiamen, and collates and calculates the existing statistical data and the data obtained from field investigations. This paper quantitatively measures the inequality of compulsory education, health care and social security in the supply of basic public services in various districts of Xiamen. The results show that the level of equalization in compulsory education is relatively high, but in Tongan District, In Xiangan District, there is a phenomenon that "quantity" is less important than "quality"; the inequality of social security services is more serious than that of compulsory education, the distribution of basic public resources is uneven, and the process of equality is neglected. Residents in different districts are treated differently; there are serious inequalities in the "quality" and "quantity" of medical and health care. The hardware facilities and capital expenditure of Tongan and Xiangan districts are far behind those of other regions. Finally, Combining with the actual situation of equalization of basic public services in Xiamen, this paper puts forward the basic thinking of promoting the equalization process of basic public services, which can improve the public finance system, improve local financial resources, and improve the transfer payment system. In the aspects of reforming the supply mechanism of basic public service and its performance evaluation, the countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to promote the equalization process of basic public service in Xiamen, even in the whole country or in other sub-provincial cities and regions with the same status.
【学位授予单位】：集美大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D630

【参考文献】