湖北恩施农村留守老人生活质量问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-17 03:40

本文选题：恩施农村 + 留守老人　；参考：《海南大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,中国经济迅速发展,国民经济总量跃居世界第二。随着城市化进程的加快,大量的劳动力由农村转向城市,出现大量的农村留守老人问题。同时由于改革开放以来中国外向型经济发展的需要,中西部地区农村大量劳动力向东南沿海城市转移,中西部农村留守老人问题更为严重。出现大量的社会问题,包括老人老无所养、精神生活长期匮乏、老年人犯罪率的增加等。中西部地区农村留守老人养老问题的解决不仅直接关系到中西部地区老年人本身的生活水平的提高,也是党领导全国人民"确保到2020年所有贫困地区和贫困人口一道迈入全面小康社会"重要任务。本文就是基于这样的背景,选取湖北省恩施州作为调研地点,研究恩施州农村留守老人问题,并且针对恩施州农村留守老人生活质量困境提出具体的解决措施,以丰富相关问题的研究。为了对恩施留守老人生活质量进行研究,笔者基于"社会网络支持理论"、"马斯洛需求层次理论"、"老人社会化理论",运用定量研究和定性研究相结合的办法对湖北省恩施土家族苗族自治州农村留守老人生活质量进行了综合分析。总共发放了 210份"恩施州农村老人生活质量研究"有效问卷和有针对性的选取了 10位农村留守老人进行实地访谈。笔者结合调查问卷、实地访谈从国内外普遍研究生活质量的四个方面(经济收入、健康状况、生活照料、心理慰藉)深入了解恩施州农村留守老人的生存现状和面临的各种困境,接着从多个角度对恩施州农村留守老人困境的原因进行分析。通过研究,发现原因包括以下五点:一是城乡和地区的社会保障制度发展不平衡;二是农村合作医疗制度本身的局限性;三是子女给父母的经济支持太少;四是土地保障收入能力不断下降;五是农村的基础文化设施建设薄弱。最后针对被调查地区政治、经济、文化的现状提出具体的解决措施。一是推动恩施州经济发展,调整地区产业结构;二是要加大对恩施州农村留守老人的扶贫措施;三是完善恩施州内基础养老设施;四是要提高恩施地区留守老人社区和社工支持力度;五是丰富留守老人精神文化生活;六是留守老人要改变传统赡养观念,主动提升自身生活质量。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's rapid economic development, the total national economy ranked second in the world.With the acceleration of urbanization, a large number of labor force from rural to urban, there is a large number of problems left behind in rural areas.At the same time, because of the need of China's export-oriented economic development since the reform and opening up, a large number of rural labor force in the central and western regions have been transferred to the southeast coastal cities.There are a lot of social problems, including old age, lack of spiritual life for a long time, the increase of the elderly crime rate and so on.The solution to the problem of old-age care for the elderly left behind in rural areas in the central and western regions is not only directly related to the improvement of the living standards of the elderly in the central and western regions,It is also an important task for the Party to lead the people of the whole country "to ensure that all the poor areas and the poor population will step into a well-off society in an all-round way by 2020".Based on this background, this paper selects Enshi Prefecture of Hubei Province as the research site, studies the problem of the elderly left behind in the rural areas of Enshi Prefecture, and puts forward concrete measures to solve the plight of the quality of life of the rural left-behind elderly in Enshi Prefecture.In order to enrich the study of related issues.In order to study the quality of life of the elderly left behind in Enshi,Based on the theory of social network support, Maslow's theory of hierarchy of needs, and the theory of socialization of the elderly, the author uses the method of combining quantitative and qualitative research to study the life of the elderly left behind in the rural areas of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hubei Province.The quality of life was analyzed synthetically.A total of 210 QOL questionnaires were distributed and 10 rural left-behind elders were selected for field interviews.Combined with the questionnaire, the author conducted field interviews to study the four aspects of quality of life (income, health status, life care) at home and abroad.Psychological comfort) deeply understand the living situation of the rural left-behind elderly in Enshi state and the various difficulties they face, and then analyze the reasons of the plight of the rural left-behind elderly in Enshi state from several angles.The reasons are as follows: first, the development of social security system in urban and rural areas is unbalanced; second, the limitations of rural cooperative medical system itself; third, the children give too little financial support to their parents;Fourth, land security income capacity continues to decline; fifth, rural infrastructure construction is weak.Finally, the political, economic and cultural situation of the investigated area is discussed.First, to promote the economic development of Enshi Prefecture, adjust the regional industrial structure; second, to increase poverty alleviation measures for the elderly left behind in the rural areas of Enshi Prefecture; third, to improve the basic old-age facilities in Enshi Prefecture;The fourth is to improve the community and social support for the elderly left behind in Enshi area; the fifth is to enrich the spiritual and cultural life of the left-behind elderly; sixthly, to change the traditional concept of maintenance and to actively improve their own quality of life.
【学位授予单位】：海南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D669.6

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