论宅基地有偿使用制度的构建

发布时间：2018-05-07 11:37

本文选题：宅基地 + 有偿使用　；参考：《华中师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：自上世纪六十年代以来,我国宅基地一直实行无偿无期限的配置方式。这种制度设计不仅有违公平效率原则,而且还引发了一户多宅、宅基地闲置等一系列问题。随着市场经济的发展,土地资源的稀缺对宅基地的使用制度提出了更高的要求。而宅基地有偿使用制度无疑有助于提高土地资源的利用率,做到地尽其用。虽然现阶段我国有多个试点地区正在进行宅基地有偿使用制度改革,但由于制度的特殊性以及法律的滞后性,推行的过程中不可避免会遇到诸多困难和问题。是故,本文拟从宅基地制度的历史变迁规律出发,运用实践探讨和理论分析相结合的方法对宅基地有偿使用制度的现实依据与实践现状进行分析,提出构建宅基地有偿使用制度的措施。全文共分为四个部分:第一部分是宅基地有偿使用制度概述。文章对建国以后宅基地制度的历史变迁进行分析考察,总结了宅基地制度的变迁规律,以及宅基地无偿使用制度的形成原因。在此基础上,对宅基地有偿使用制度的内涵做了研究,并分析了推行宅基地有偿使用制度的现实意义,为后面的论述奠定基础。第二部分是宅基地有偿使用制度的依据。文章从宅基地有偿使用制度的法理基础和现实依据两个方面进行分析。首先,从农地权利体系和公平效率的角度分析了宅基地有偿使用制度的逻辑基础和价值基础。其次,从户籍制度改革以及农村社会保障体系的角度分析了宅基地有偿使用制度的现实依据。从而为宅基地有偿使用制度的构建寻找理论落脚点。第三部分是宅基地有偿使用制度的实践现状及其问题。文章通过对宅基地有偿使用制度现有政策以及20世纪90年代和现阶段各试点地区的实践现状进行分析,发现我国宅基地有偿使用制度不仅有一些值得推广的经验,同时也存在一定的问题。值得推广的经验主要表现在宅基地有偿使用制度合理的适用范围、科学的收费标准、多样的适用方式以及良好的资金管理方法等方面。而存在的问题主要体现在宅基地有偿使用制度自身的缺陷和配套制度的不完善两个方面。第四部分是宅基地有偿使用制度的构建。文章从合法性原则、宅基地集体所有原则、循序渐进原则方面分析了宅基地有偿制度在构建过程中应当坚持的一些基本原则。最后又从适用范围、收费标准、资金管理以及配套制度等方面提出了全面构建宅基地有偿使用制度的措施。
[Abstract]:Since 1960's, our country house land has been implementing the free and indefinite allocation mode. This system not only violates the principle of fairness and efficiency, but also leads to a series of problems, such as multiple homes, idle homestead and so on. With the development of market economy, the scarcity of land resources puts forward higher requirements for the use system of homestead. The system of paid use of homestead undoubtedly helps to improve the utilization rate of land resources and make the best use of land. Although there are many pilot areas in our country are carrying out the reform of the system of paid use of homestead at the present stage, due to the particularity of the system and the lag of the law, many difficulties and problems will inevitably be encountered in the course of the implementation. Therefore, based on the historical changes of the homestead system, this paper analyzes the practical basis and practical status of the homestead paid use system by means of the combination of practical discussion and theoretical analysis. The measures of constructing the system of paid use of house land are put forward. The paper is divided into four parts: the first part is an overview of the system of paid use of homestead. This paper analyzes the historical changes of the homestead system after the founding of the people's Republic of China, sums up the law of the change of the Homestead system and the reasons for the formation of the Homestead Free use system. On this basis, the connotation of the system of paid use of homestead is studied, and the practical significance of carrying out the system of paid use of homestead is analyzed, which lays a foundation for the following discussion. The second part is the basis of the system of paid use of homestead. This paper analyzes the legal basis and realistic basis of the system of paid use of homestead. Firstly, the logical basis and the value basis of the homestead paid use system are analyzed from the angle of farmland right system and fair efficiency. Secondly, from the perspective of the reform of household registration system and the rural social security system, this paper analyzes the realistic basis of the system of paid use of homestead. In order to find a theoretical foothold for the construction of homestead paid use system. The third part is the practice and problems of the system of paid use of homestead. Based on the analysis of the current policies of the homestead paid use system and the practical situation of the pilot areas in the 1990s and now, the paper finds that there are not only some experiences worth popularizing in the paid use system of the homestead in our country. At the same time, there are some problems. The experience that is worth popularizing mainly shows in the reasonable scope of application of the system of paid use of the homestead, the scientific charging standard, the various applicable ways and the good fund management method and so on. The existing problems are mainly reflected in two aspects: the defects of the paid use system and the imperfection of the supporting system. The fourth part is the construction of the system of paid use of homestead. This paper analyzes some basic principles in the process of building homestead compensation system from the aspects of legality principle, collective ownership principle and progressive principle. Finally, the author puts forward some measures to construct the system of paid use of homestead from the aspects of applicable scope, charging standard, fund management and supporting system.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.2

【参考文献】