北京市基层残疾人辅助器具服务队伍建设现状与对策研究

发布时间：2018-05-09 12:10

本文选题：残疾人辅助器具 + 队伍建设　；参考：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：残疾人辅助器具是:“由残疾人使用的,特殊生产的或通常可获得的用于预防、代偿、监测、缓解或降低残疾的任何产品、器具、设备或技术系统”。残疾人可以通过其残存的、恢复的功能使用辅助器具,有效的代偿其丧失的功能,快速回归社会。因此,这类产品对于残疾人及其家庭有重要意义和作用。残疾人辅助器具的配置及相关服务是社会保障体系中的组成部分,反应一个国家社会保障水平,同时间接反应出一个国家的经济发展水平和文明程度。《中国残疾人事业“十二五”发展纲要》对发展辅助器具服务做出了明确要求,提出了“完善辅助器具适配人才培养机制,逐步建立一支适应辅助器具服务需求的专业人才队伍”的任务目标。北京市的残疾人辅助器具服务人才队伍由市、区县、街乡镇三个层级的工作人员构成,其中,街乡镇的工作人员直接面向残疾人提供、或协同上级工作人员提供辅具服务,他们构筑了北京市残疾人辅助器具三级服务体系中的基础,对于残疾人辅助器具需求的满足和北京市残疾人辅助器具政策的保障效果有重要意义。【目的】通过调查北京市基层残疾人辅助器具服务人员的基本情况、工作状态以及工作需求,分析存在的问题,为推动基层残疾人辅助器具服务队伍建设、科学制定队伍规划提供依据。【方法】设计《北京市基层残疾人辅具工作队伍状况调查问卷》,对北京市各街乡镇残联和辅具服务站负责辅具服务的工作人员进行普查。将收集到的人口学特征、人员工作状态和工作需求的数据用Epidata3.1软件建库,使用软件SPSS13.0进行数据分析,计数资料采用描述性统计分析方法;人员工作状态等计量资料除用平均数±标准差表示外,采用秩和检验比较了身份编制和岗位的分组差异。计算基尼系数评价北京市基层残疾人辅具工作人力资源配置的公平性程度。【结果】发放调查问卷788份,收回有效问卷785份。在785名基层残疾人辅具服务工作人员中,575人在街道、乡镇残联从事辅具服务工作,占73.2%,在街道、乡镇级辅具服务站工作的有210人,占26.8%;男性291名,占37.1%;女性494名,占62.9%;人员平均年龄39.9±9.5;公务员身份的有159人,占20.3%;身份为事业编制的有56人,占7.1%;协管员有222人,占28.3%;专职工作者(社工)有191人,占24.3%;社区、村聘用人员有50人,占6.4%;其他身份编制的107人,占13.6%;身体健康的基层工作人员有510人,占65.0%;存在障碍的人员275人,占35.0%;硕士及以上14人,占1.8%,大学本科332人,占42.3%,大专学历251人,占32.0%,高中和技校学历155人,占19.7%,初中及以下学历33人,占4.2%;所学专业与辅具工作相关的有63人,占8.0%;专业非相关722人,占92.0%;基层人员从事残疾人辅具器具工作的平均时间为5.7±4.7年;309人接受过残疾人辅具岗位培训,占39.4%;未参加过岗位培训人员为476名,占60.6%。基层残疾人辅助器具服务人力资源按北京市目前持证残疾人人口的基尼系数为0.2168,显示分布比较公平。北京市基层残疾人辅助器具服务队伍工作状态良好,但对薪酬收入和职业发展前景符合程度的评价较低。通过基层队伍评价,认为目前限制辅助器具保障和服务开展的因素依次是:残疾人缺乏对辅具了解、合理的辅具政策和项目少、社会辅具服务资源不足等;北京市基层残疾人辅助器具服务队伍反映肢体障碍者是提出辅具需求最多的残疾类别;残疾人咨询最多的辅助器具信息类别依次是:政策咨询、产品购买和维修转介、使用指导、产品推荐;目前需要的工作条件、设备或服务工具依次为:辅具服务场地、电脑等信息化设备、政策、产品知识宣传品、办公场所、简易维修工具和配件辅具展示样品;希望在培训中获得的知识依次为:康复医学知识、辅具产品知识、辅具政策解读、国外先进服务经验、评估适配技术、最新高科技辅具前瞻。【结论】(1)北京市基层残疾人辅助器具服务队伍已经初步构建;(2)基层残疾人辅助器具服务队伍人力资源配置比较公平,按北京市持证残疾人人口分布的基尼系数为0.2168;(3)队伍学历和年龄结构较合理,但人员身份编制多样化、人员专业相关性不强的特点影响队伍专业化建设和队伍稳定性。
[Abstract]:Auxiliary equipment for the disabled: "any product, equipment, equipment, or technical system used by the disabled, specially produced, or usually available for the prevention, compensation, monitoring, mitigation, or reduction of disabilities". Disabled persons can use their residual and restored functions to use auxiliary equipment to effectively compensate for their loss of function, rapid regression agencies. Therefore, these products have important significance and role for the disabled and their families. The configuration and related services of the disabled aids are part of the social security system, reflect the level of social security of a country, and indirectly reflect the level of economic development and civilization of a country. < "China disabled cause" Twelve The five "development program" has made clear requirements for the development of auxiliary equipment service, and put forward the task target of "perfecting the training mechanism of supporting equipment to fit talents and gradually establishing a team of professionals to meet the needs of auxiliary equipment service". The personnel of the disabled AIDS service in Beijing is from the three levels of the city, district and county, and the street and township level. Among them, the staff of the streets and townships are directly provided to the disabled or provided with the assistants in coordination with the superior staff. They have built the foundation of the three level service system for the auxiliary appliances for the disabled in Beijing, the satisfaction of the needs of the disabled aids for the disabled and the guarantee effect of the AIDS policy of the disabled in Beijing. It is of great significance. [Objective] to investigate the basic situation, working status and work needs of the disabled AIDS service personnel at the grass-roots level in Beijing, and analyze the existing problems, and provide the basis for promoting the construction of the auxiliary equipment service team for the disabled people at the grass-roots level and scientifically formulating the team planning. [method] the design of the disabled AIDS in Beijing is designed. The work team status survey questionnaire was used to carry out a census of the staff responsible for the auxiliary services of the towns and villages and towns in Beijing and the auxiliary service stations. The data collected were collected by Epidata3.1 software, and the software SPSS13.0 was used to analyze the data, and the enumeration data were described by descriptive statistics. In addition to the average number and standard deviation, the rank sum test was used to compare the difference between the status compilation and the post group. The degree of fairness of the human resource allocation of the disabled assistants in Beijing was evaluated by the Gini coefficient. 788 questionnaires were issued, and the effective questionnaire 7 was recovered. 85. Among the 785 staff of the disabled people with the disabled, 575 were in the streets and the townships were engaged in auxiliary services, accounting for 73.2%, 210, 26.8%, 291 men, 37.1%, 494 women, 62.9%, 39.9, 9.5, and 159, 159, 20.3%; identity of civil servants. There were 56 people for the cause, 7.1%, 222, 28.3%, 191, 24.3%, and 50 in the community, 6.4% in the village, 13.6% for the other identities and 13.6%, 510, 65%, and 275 of the disabled. 332 college students, accounting for 42.3%, college education 251, accounting for 32%, high school and technical school education 155, accounting for 19.7%, junior middle school and the following education 33, accounting for 4.2%; the major and accessory work related to 63, 8%; professional non related 722, 92%; grass-roots personnel engaged in the work of handicapped devices work average time for 5.7 + 251 After training for the disabled auxiliary tools, 39.4% and 476 people who did not take part in the post training, the human resources of the 60.6%. disabled people's auxiliary equipment service were 0.2168, which showed the fair distribution of the disabled people in Beijing. The work state of the auxiliary equipment service team for the disabled in Beijing was good, but the salary was good. According to the grass-roots team evaluation, the factors that restrict the support and service of the auxiliary equipment are in turn: the handicapped are lack of understanding of the accessories, the policies and projects are few, the resources of the social accessories are not enough, and the auxiliary utensils service team for the disabled in Beijing The people with limb disorders are the categories of disabled people who have the most demand for the AIDS. The information category of the auxiliary equipment is in turn: policy consultation, product purchase and maintenance transfer, the use of guidance, product recommendation, the working conditions needed at present, and the equipment or service tools in turn, and the information equipment such as the auxiliary equipment and the computer and other information equipment. Policy, product knowledge publicity products, office places, simple maintenance tools and accessories to display samples; hope that the knowledge obtained in the training is: rehabilitation medical knowledge, auxiliary product knowledge, policy interpretation of auxiliary tools, foreign advanced service experience, evaluation of adaptation technology, and the latest high-tech auxiliary tools. (1) auxiliary disabled in Beijing The support equipment service team has been preliminarily constructed; (2) the human resources allocation of the grass-roots disabled auxiliary equipment service team is fairly fair, and the Gini coefficient of the population distribution of the disabled in Beijing is 0.2168. (3) the team education and age structure are more reasonable, but the personnel identity is diversified and the professional correlation of personnel is not strong. The construction of the industry and the stability of the team.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R496;D669.69

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