社会分层视域下农村学生上大学的境遇研究

发布时间：2018-05-24 22:44

本文选题：教育 + 社会分层　；参考：《海南师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：研究基于社会分层的视域,从农村学生自身所处的先赋性境遇出发,分析了农村学生上大学的目的何为,在通往目的的道路上同时存在着上升与排斥的不同境遇,在通过教育途径实现社会分层流动的过程中,农村学生不断被排斥在阶梯与围墙之外,当下大学教育对农村学生而言,教育的社会分层功能不断弱化,农村大学生获得的教育正在“失灵”。全文共分为六章:第一章绪论部分主要介绍了论文选题的缘由、研究的理论与实践意义、研究的方法及相关文献综述。第二章论述了农村学生自身所处的先赋性境遇,在此基础上分析了农村学生上大学的目的。在政治身份乏力、经济资本贫困、文化屏障隔阂的“自然”条件下,使得“改变命运,向上流动”成为农村学生上大学的中心目的,“修身养性,求真善美”成为依附于中心目的的附带性目的。第三、四、五章分别从大学场域的入场、过程与出场三个有序的环节来论述农村学生遭受的境遇,揭示了农村学生在看似合理性中遭遇的隐性不平等。教育在显性看似公平公正的背后,却有着隐性的“教育异化”,教育看似公平公正,实则是开放中的垄断,竞争中的排斥,教育实则已将弱势群体,特别是农村大学生渐趋边缘化,这主要表现在:农村学生获取教育机会的有限性(农村学生弃考弃学率不断攀升,农村学生获取高等教育机会有限及教育城市中心取向与重点中学制度造成的教育机会的有限性);大学规训与筛选中的区隔分化(教育阶层再生产中的排斥、教育消费的分割及大学文化的区隔);农村学生获取职业高度时的风险(大学文凭贬值趋势增强及农村阶层子女就业疲软)教育在促进农村学生向上流动的过程中力量式微,即教育社会分层流动功能弱化,大学读书无用论在民间升温,农村学生及农村社会对大学教育的心理关注与价值期待由尊重到淡化,由积极投资转为消极防御。第六章论述了消解农村学生困境的出路。在境遇下农村学生实现命运之转变,仅从自身完成彻底意义上的蜕变可能性甚微,一方面寄希望于政府、社会与大学的积极变革:“包括缩小贫富差距,完善农村社会保障制度,强化教育公平,营造健康公平公正的社会选拔机制;提高大学质量,助推农村学生发展的“素质”高度;降低农村学生的教育成本,提高上大学的回报率;建立农村学生的弱势教育补偿机制及加强就业帮扶等”,另一方面要取决于自身的积极抉择:“剥离上大学价值的虚名,转向职业技术教育”。
[Abstract]:Based on the perspective of social stratification, this paper analyzes the purpose of rural students' college education and the different situations of rising and repulsive on the road to purpose from the perspective of rural students themselves. In the course of realizing the social stratification flow through the way of education, rural students are constantly excluded from the steps and walls. For rural students, the function of social stratification of education is weakening. The education received by rural college students is "out of order". The thesis is divided into six chapters: the first chapter introduces the reason of the topic, the theoretical and practical significance of the research, the research methods and related literature review. The second chapter discusses the prevenient situation of rural students themselves, and then analyzes the purpose of rural students to go to college. Under the "natural" conditions of weak political status, poor economic capital and cultural barrier, "changing fate and flowing upward" has become the central goal of rural students to go to college. Seeking truth, goodness and beauty "becomes the incidental purpose attached to the central purpose." The third, fourth and fifth chapters discuss the situation of the rural students from the entrance, the process and the appearance of the university field, and reveal the implicit inequality encountered by the rural students in the seemingly rational. Education, which appears to be fair and just, has a recessive "educational alienation". Education, which seems fair and just, is in fact a monopoly in opening up, exclusion in competition, and education has actually reduced the vulnerable groups. In particular, rural college students tend to be marginalized, which is mainly reflected in the limited access to education opportunities for rural students. The limited access of rural students to higher education and the limitation of educational opportunities caused by the orientation of urban center of education and the system of key middle schools, the differentiation in university discipline and screening (exclusion in the reproduction of educational class), The segmentation of education consumption and the division of university culture; the risk of rural students acquiring high vocational level (the trend of university diploma depreciation and the weak employment of rural children) education has declined in the process of promoting the upward mobility of rural students. That is to say, the function of stratified flow of education society is weakened, the theory of futility of university studies heats up in the folk, the psychological concern and value expectation of rural students and rural society to university education changes from respect to desalination, and from positive investment to negative defense. The sixth chapter discusses the solution to the plight of rural students. In the circumstances, the transformation of the fate of rural students, only from their own complete sense of metamorphosis is very unlikely. On the one hand, the hope lies in the government, society and the positive changes in universities: "including narrowing the gap between rich and poor," Improve the rural social security system, strengthen the education fairness, build a healthy and fair social selection mechanism, improve the university quality, promote the development of rural students'"quality", reduce the cost of rural students' education, On the other hand, it depends on one's own positive choice: "stripping off the false name of university value and turning to vocational and technical education".
【学位授予单位】：海南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G649.2

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