河南民权县龙塘镇“空心村”问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-04 02:08

本文选题：河南民权县 + 龙塘镇　；参考：《广西大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文采用发放问卷实地调查研究、收益-成本分析、比较分析和实证分析等理论与实践相结合的方法,根据观察调研和分析龙塘镇龙塘集5个村的村庄建设情况和现状特质,对河南省民权县龙塘镇龙塘集5个村新农村建设中“空心村”形成的主要原因及对策进行了研究,得到了龙塘镇龙塘集“空心村”的一些重要社会经济数据；找到了“空心村”形成的原因、特征和形成原因；提出了解决“空心村”问题的对策。经过定性和定量分析,所得结果如下：1、龙塘镇龙塘集5个村的“空心村”具有以下现状：(1)在快速工业化和城市化的民权县龙塘镇龙塘集“空心村”的形势日趋严峻,人口空心化明显,土地利用效率比较低,村庄外围的建设用地快速增长,且扩张呈现沿交通要道、城镇的趋向,具备“空心村”的一般性特征；(2)村庄的整体社会经济发展水平与村庄空心化程度呈正相关。即外出务工人员数量越多,村庄空心化程度越高,人均收入水平越高,村庄空心化程度越高；(3)村庄一户多宅现象普遍,龙塘镇龙塘集5个村,拥有3处以上宅基地户数占宅基地总户数平均值为10.55%,拥有2处以上宅基地户数占宅基地总户数平均值为30.02%,村庄人均废弃闲置宅基地0.21公顷,“空心村”现象相当严重；(4)村庄总体上表现为规模小、数量多、布局分散,个体上表现为占地规模大,村庄结构松疏,布局混乱,占用耕地较多,环境质量低劣,加剧了村内大片土地的闲置和村庄向外围的无序扩张,出现严重的“空心村”现象；(5)从2002年开始,龙塘镇龙塘集5个村“空心村”不断扩大的趋势得以遏制,转而进入治理期,然而,由于没有相关的治理措施与坚强的领导班子,加上没有上级的政策支持,龙塘镇的“空心村”的治理效果并不明显。2、造成龙塘镇“空心村”的具体原因如下：(1)主要是过于注重物质层面,内部布局混乱,土地利用结构不合理；(2)“空心村”用地数量大,土地利用率低,资金缺乏或者不足；(3)“空心村”污染严重,环境质量差,村庄建设规划滞后,基础设施缺乏,基层政府的不作为和对“空心户”概念的忽视；(4)政策缺乏针对性,政府没有政策扶持,反而有政策约束；(5)村民思想观念落后,土地保护意识淡薄；(6)城市化进程加快,城市化不完全和宅基地永久使用的福利性质等。3、在具体分析了“空心村”对龙塘镇龙塘集的经济社会发展所造成的危害,结合龙塘镇龙塘集的“空心村”的现状,参考已有的相关国内外研究,最终提出了具体的治理思路：(1)加大宣传教育力度,转变农民思想观念,培训新型职业农民；(2)健全组织管理机构,加强相关政府职能部门协调配合,提高基层干部队伍素质,成立村、镇两级政府专门的领导小组；(3)重视“空心户”老人住房治理,创新机制、加大扶持,引导村民集中；(4)完善政策法规,出台鼓励开展村庄整治实施的意见,增强政策针对性；(5)搞好试点、稳步推进,加快发展循环农业和生态农业,建设一个资源利润率高、生态环境优良的、富裕发达的、清洁文明的现代化新农村,从而彻底治理“空心村”现象；(6)改革户籍制度,创新农村社保制度,妥善安置有能力脱离土地并居住于城镇的居民;(7)制定村一级的建设与整治的科学发展规划,加大执法监察和用地审批管理的力度,加强村庄内部的整治力度,严防新的土地资源浪费；(8)加强产业结构调整和基础设施建设,拓宽“空心村”治理融资渠道,促进当地经济发展；(9)加快推进我国城乡分离的二元经济结构向一元化的转变与社会主义新农村建设相结合,促进城乡一体化。综上所述,本文通过实地调研与调查问卷方法,对龙塘镇龙塘集部分农村的农民的收入情况、工作情况、外出务工人数、耕地耕种情况和宅基地情况等进行调查分析,总结数据统计结果。表明龙塘镇龙塘集5个村农村“空心村”问题已经成为阻碍农村村民提高生活质量、改善居住水平的一个严重制约因素。同时,也不利于我国社会主义新农村的建设。所以对于“空心村”以及围绕“空心村”的一系列问题,必须予以快速、合理、有效的解决,本文在资金资源、研究水平、农村的调查范围和数量、人力以及时间等方面的限制条件下,致力于创新研究思路和方法选择,希望能够对龙塘镇龙塘集5个村的“空心村”整治改造提供借鉴参考,为农村社会、经济和环境建设服务,为城乡协调的网络化建设提供决策支持,并在综合研究方面为建设社会主义新农村提供科学依据。
[Abstract]:In this paper, we use the method of questionnaire field investigation, income cost analysis, comparative analysis and empirical analysis in combination of theory and practice, according to observation and analysis and analysis of the village construction situation and status of the 5 villages in Longtang Zhenlong Tong, the "hollow village" in the construction of 5 villages in the Zhenlong pond of Longtang, Minquan County, Henan province. The main reasons and countermeasures were studied, and some important social and economic data of the "hollow village" in Zhenlong Tangtang, long Tang, were obtained. The reasons for the formation of the "hollow village" were found, the causes were found and the countermeasures to solve the "hollow village" were put forward. The results were as follows: 1, Zhenlong Tong in Long Tong The "hollow village" of 5 villages has the following status: (1) the situation of "hollow village" in Longtang, Longtang, Zhenlong, which is rapidly industrialized and urbanized, is becoming more and more severe, the population is hollow, the efficiency of land use is relatively low, the construction land outside the village grows rapidly, and the expansion presents along the traffic main road, the trend of town and the "empty". The general characteristics of the village "heart village"; (2) the overall social and economic development level of the village has a positive correlation with the degree of village hollowing. That is, the more migrant workers, the higher the degree of village hollowing, the higher the per capita income level, the higher the degree of the village hollowing; (3) the village one household is common, and the Zhenlong pond in the dragon pond has 5 villages and has 3. The average number of the number of household land accounts for the total number of homestead is 10.55%, and the average number of 2 or more homestead accounts for the average number of the total number of homestead is 30.02%, the village per capita is abandoned 0.21 hectares of idle land, and the "hollow village" is quite serious. (4) the village is generally small in scale, more in quantity, scattered in layout, and in the individual on the scale of land. Large, the structure of the village is loose, the layout is chaotic, the occupation of cultivated land is more, the quality of the environment is inferior, which aggravates the unused land in the village and the unordered expansion of the village to the periphery, and there is a serious "hollow village" phenomenon. (5) from 2002, the trend of the continuous expansion of the "hollow village" in the 5 villages of the dragon pond, Zhenlong pond has been kept in control and entered the period of governance, However, due to the lack of relevant governance measures and strong leadership, plus no superior policy support, the governance effect of "hollow village" in Long Tang town is not obvious.2. The specific reasons for the "hollow village" in Long Tang town are as follows: (1) the main reasons are too much attention to the material level, the internal layout is chaotic, and the land use structure is not reasonable; (2) "Hollow village" has a large number of land use, low land use rate, lack of funds or lack of funds; (3) "hollow village" pollution is serious, environmental quality is poor, village construction planning is lagging behind, infrastructure lacks, basic government's inaction and the concept of "hollow household" are ignored; (4) the policy is lack of pertinence, the government has no policy support, but policy agreement on the contrary. (5) (5) the villagers' ideas and ideas are backward, and the consciousness of land protection is weak; (6) the accelerated urbanization process, the incomplete urbanization and the welfare nature of the permanent use of the homestead are the specific analysis of the hazards caused by the "hollow village" on the economic and social development of the Zhenlong Tangtang collection in Long Tang, and the present situation of the "hollow village" in the Tangtang Zhenlong pond. Examination of the relevant domestic and foreign research, and finally put forward specific management ideas: (1) increasing publicity and education, changing the concept of farmers, training new type of professional farmers; (2) improving the organization and management institutions, strengthening the coordination of relevant government functional departments, improving the quality of grass-roots cadres, the establishment of village, the township two level government special leadership of the small government Group: (3) pay attention to the housing management of "hollow household" old people, innovation mechanism, increase support, guide the villagers to concentrate; (4) perfect policy and regulations, introduce suggestions to encourage the implementation of village renovation, strengthen policy pertinence; (5) make good experiments, steadily push forward, accelerate the development of circular agriculture and ecological agriculture, build a high profit rate of resources, ecological ring Excellent, prosperous and clean and civilized modern rural areas, thus thoroughly governing the "hollow village" phenomenon; (6) reform the household registration system, innovate the rural social security system, properly resett the residents who have the ability to escape from the land and live in the cities and towns; (7) make a scientific development plan for the construction and renovation of the village level, and increase the supervision and use of law enforcement and land. The strength of the examination and approval management should be strengthened to strengthen the renovation of the village and prevent the new waste of land resources. (8) strengthening the adjustment of the industrial structure and the construction of the infrastructure, widening the financing channels of the "hollow village" and promoting the development of the local economy; (9) speeding up the transformation of the two yuan economic structure from the urban and rural areas to the socialist new transformation and the new socialism With the combination of rural construction, the integration of urban and rural areas is promoted. In summary, through field investigation and questionnaire method, this paper makes a survey and Analysis on the income situation, work situation, work number, cultivated situation and homestead situation of rural farmers in Zhenlong Tangtang, long Tang, and summarizes the results of data statistics. It shows that the Zhenlong Tangtang pond in Long Tang Dynasty. The problem of "hollow village" in 5 villages has become a serious restriction factor that hinders the rural villagers to improve their quality of life and improve their living standards. At the same time, it is also not conducive to the construction of a new socialist countryside in China. Therefore, the "hollow village" and a series of problems surrounding the "hollow village" must be quickly, reasonably and effectively solved. In the end, this paper, under the conditions of capital resources, research level, the scope and quantity of rural investigation, manpower and time, is committed to innovative research ideas and methods, and hopes to provide reference for the renovation and renovation of the "hollow village" of 5 villages in Zhenlong Tong, long Tang, and serve the rural society, economy and environment. The coordinated network construction in rural areas provides decision support and provides scientific basis for building a new socialist countryside in comprehensive research.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F327

【参考文献】