中西方市场经济的公平与效率维度研究

发布时间：2018-07-04 16:27

本文选题：市场经济 + 公平　；参考：《沈阳工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：一个社会能够健康、稳定发展,不仅依靠高水平的效率,也依靠更高程度的公平。随着市场经济的发展,竞争性市场机制的作用下效率得到了极大的提高。而随着经济效率问题的逐步解决,贫富差距逐渐扩大,伴随而来的社会公平问题成为当前世界各国亟待解决的突出问题。如何平衡公平与效率关系成为市场经济国家共同的课题。我国建立社会主义市场经济体制起步较晚,在处理公平与效率的问题上需要借鉴发展较为成熟的西方发达资本主义国家的经验和教训。因此,分析和比较中西方典型市场经济国家公平与效率的选择情况具有重要的现实意义。文章采用理论研究、比较分析与实证分析等方法,首先,从公平与效率相关概念入手,在理解马克思主义和国外各学派关于公平与效率理论成果的基础上,阐述了公平与效率对市场经济发展的重要性。其次,分别分析了美国、德国、日本和瑞典典型西方市场经济国家的市场运行机制和公平与效率选择情况,并从中吸取经验教训。同时,从制度设计、运行机制和政策选择方面,分析我国市场经济中公平与效率关系的发展情况。再次,运用比较研究的方法,分析了中西方市场经济国家对公平与效率关系的探索,共同点在于,政策选择与经济社会条件相适应,将社会保障作为缓解社会矛盾、促进社会公平的有力补充,但在运行基础、运行目标、运行过程中又有所不同。最后,在此基础上提出了新形势下我国重视公平对效率的促进作用、更好地发挥政府与市场的互补作用、创新分配方式以激发经济主体积极性、建立促进公平与效率良性循环的社会保障制度等建议。
[Abstract]:A society can develop healthily and steadily, not only by a high level of efficiency, but also by a higher degree of fairness. With the development of market economy, the efficiency of competitive market mechanism has been greatly improved. With the gradual solution of economic efficiency, the gap between the rich and the poor has gradually widened, and the accompanying social equity has become a prominent problem to be solved in the world. How to balance the relationship between fairness and efficiency has become a common topic for market economy countries. The establishment of socialist market economic system in China started late, so we should learn from the experience and lessons of the developed western capitalist countries in dealing with the problems of fairness and efficiency. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to analyze and compare the choice of fairness and efficiency in typical market economy countries in China and the West. This paper adopts the methods of theoretical research, comparative analysis and empirical analysis. Firstly, it starts with the related concepts of fairness and efficiency, and on the basis of understanding the theoretical achievements of Marxism and foreign schools on fairness and efficiency. This paper expounds the importance of fairness and efficiency to the development of market economy. Secondly, the paper analyzes the market operation mechanism and the choice of fairness and efficiency of the typical western market economy countries in America, Germany, Japan and Sweden, and draws lessons from them. At the same time, it analyzes the development of the relationship between fairness and efficiency in China's market economy from the aspects of system design, operation mechanism and policy choice. Thirdly, using the method of comparative study, this paper analyzes the relationship between fairness and efficiency in the market economy countries of China and the West. The common point is that the policy choice is adapted to the economic and social conditions, and the social security is regarded as the alleviation of social contradictions. To promote social equity can be supplemented, but in the operational basis, operational objectives, the process of operation is different. Finally, on the basis of this, the paper puts forward that under the new situation, our country should attach importance to the promotion of fairness to efficiency, give play to the complementary role of government and market, and innovate the way of distribution to stimulate the enthusiasm of economic subjects. To establish a social security system that promotes a virtuous cycle of equity and efficiency, and so on.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F014

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