中越船员权利保障法律制度比较研究

发布时间：2018-07-12 19:31

本文选题：海员权利 + 海员法　；参考：《大连海事大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：航运业最重要的劳动力是在船上工作的海员队伍。这是一个重要的不可或缺的要素；它还是直接影响航运企业乃至于整个海洋产业的经济效率的主要因素。显而易见的是,国家和国际组织已经发布了很多法律文件、国际公约和协议备忘录以保护海员的权利。2006年,国际劳工组织(ILO)通过了一个包含现行68个国际海事公约和建议书所有最新标准以及其他国际劳工公约的基本原则的公约一一《2006海事劳工公约》(MLC2006). MLC 2006是规定确保海员稳定工作的最低国际标准的公约；同时,它有助于所有已批准该公约的船旗国创建公平的竞争平台。在这种情况下,该公约还通过确保效率和在海运中提高可靠性来促进竞争。本文将深入分析越南和中国通过在海员劳动合同、海员社会保障以及海员纠纷解决等方式来保护海员权利的相关法律。除了根据目前中国和越南的法律制度现状来分析对海员权利的保护,本文还将结合其他国家相关经验来针对如何改善越南、中国法律制度提出一些建议。具体而言,本文共分以下几部分内容,第一章首先对选择该题目的原因加以介绍,并对几个主要国家的海员劳动权利保护方面的立法情况以及越南学者在海员劳动权利保护方面的研究情况进行简要分析,接下来对研究的目的和任务进行分析,最后对方法论、本文的科研成果加以介绍；第二章围绕海员劳动权利保护展开相关概念理论方面的探究,分别对海员权利的理论要点,海员的概念以及职业特点加以阐释船员的基本权利,除了说明船员权利与其他权利的关系外,还说明了船员权利的范围,提到了MLC 2006下的很多权利,界定本文研究的海员权利限于海员劳动合同权利、社会保障权利、劳动争议解决的权利；第三章主要围绕海员签订劳动合同的权利,一方面对海员劳动合同达成的相关权利加以介绍,另一方面对中越相关法律的优缺点加以比较；第四章是有关海员受社会保障保护的权利,一方面对相关法律加以分析,另一方面还对越南法与中国法现行有关海员社会保险方面的权利加以分析；第五章海员在出现劳动纠纷时所享有的权利,分别对海事劳动纠纷中海员所享有的船舶优先权加以论述；第六章对完善越南法下的海员劳动权利指令和解决方案加以分析；第七章对完善中国法下的海员劳动权利指令和解决方案加以分析；最后在第八章得出完善越南法与中国法的相应结论。
[Abstract]:The most important labour force in the shipping industry is the crew of seafarers working on ships. This is an important and indispensable factor, and it is also the main factor that directly affects the economic efficiency of shipping enterprises and even the whole marine industry. It is clear that many legal documents, international conventions and memorandums of agreement have been issued by States and international organizations to protect the rights of seafarers. The International Labour Organization (ILO) has adopted a convention containing all the latest standards of 68 existing international maritime conventions and recommendations and the basic principles of other international labour conventions (MLC2006). MLC 2006 is the minimum international standard for ensuring the stability of seafarers; at the same time, it helps all flag States that have ratified the Convention to create a level playing field. In such cases, the Convention also promotes competition by ensuring efficiency and increased reliability in maritime transport. This paper will deeply analyze the relevant laws in Vietnam and China that protect seafarers' rights by means of seafarers' labor contracts, seafarers' social security and seafarers' dispute resolution. In addition to analyzing the protection of seafarers' rights according to the current situation of legal system in China and Vietnam, this paper will also put forward some suggestions on how to improve Vietnam's legal system by combining the relevant experiences of other countries. Specifically, this paper is divided into the following parts. The first chapter introduces the reasons for choosing this topic. It also briefly analyzes the legislation on the protection of seafarers' labour rights in several major countries and the research situation of Vietnamese scholars on the protection of seafarers' labour rights. Then, it analyzes the purpose and task of the research, and finally, the methodology. The second chapter focuses on the theory of seafarers' labor rights protection, and explains the basic rights of seafarers, including the theoretical points of seafarers' rights, the concept of seafarers and their professional characteristics. In addition to explaining the relationship between crew rights and other rights, it also explains the scope of crew rights, refers to many rights under MLC 2006, and defines the rights of seafarers studied in this paper as limited to seafarers' rights under labor contract and social security. The third chapter mainly focuses on the right of seafarers to sign labor contracts, on the one hand, introduces the relevant rights of seafarers' labor contracts, on the other hand, compares the advantages and disadvantages of the relevant laws between China and Vietnam; The fourth chapter is about the right of seafarers to be protected by social security. On the one hand, it analyzes the relevant laws, on the other hand, it also analyzes the existing rights of Vietnamese law and Chinese law on seafarers' social insurance. The fifth chapter discusses the maritime disputes' maritime liens respectively, and the sixth chapter analyzes the consummation of the Vietnamese law's directive and solution of the seafarers' labor rights. The seventh chapter analyzes the instructions and solutions to improve the labor rights of seafarers under Chinese law. Finally, in the eighth chapter, the author draws the corresponding conclusions of perfecting Vietnamese law and Chinese law.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.5

【参考文献】