马克思主义公平观视角下我国新型农村合作医疗制度建设研究

发布时间：2018-07-16 14:42

【摘要】：2002年,中共中央、国务院出台《关于进一步加强农村卫生工作的决定》,首次提出要建立新型农村合作医疗制度(简称新农合)。自此,引导农民自愿加入新农合,为农民面对疾病风险提供保障,成为社会保障热点和政府主要工作。2009年,新农合经过试点运行后全面铺开,正式成为我国基本医疗保障体系中的一部分。新农合这一历史地位的确定,不仅是医药卫生深化改革的重要成果,更是城乡间医疗保障体系和医疗资源走向公平的新起点。所谓医疗公平,即个人所获得的医疗服务不基于其所具有的社会地位,在看病治病的权力上,体现出人人平等。医疗公平是整个社会公平的重要环节,不仅涉及到人的权利,更关切到人的健康。中国共产党在探索的道路上,不论历经何种困难,都不忘把追求社会公平作为最大的奋斗目标。党带领全国人民进行长期社会主义建设的实践中,继承并发展了马克思主义公平观,在注重经济效率的同时,非常关注社会公平。然而,我国经济社会在快速发展的同时又面临着许多新的问题和挑战,如居民收入差距过大、教育和医疗资源分布不均衡等社会不公平现象。因此,建设适合中国国情的、体现公平性原则的新农合,将能有效的实现城乡之间医疗资源统筹,对城乡居民的医疗公平进行保障,有利于农村的可持续性建设和发展。新农合在保障农民获得基本卫生服务、缓解农民因病致贫和因病返贫方面发挥了重要作用,但实施过程中仍然存在很多问题,其中公平性缺失的问题尤为显著。公平性作为社会保障制度的重要原则和基础,也是新农合需要坚持的发展方向。因此,在马克思主义公平观视角下来研究和指导新农合,有利于为制度公平性建设提供指引,同时符合社会主义建设要求。
[Abstract]:In 2002, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued a decision on further strengthening rural health work, and proposed for the first time the establishment of a new rural cooperative medical system (NCMS). Since then, guiding farmers to join NCMS voluntarily to provide protection for farmers in the face of disease risks has become a hot spot in social security and a major task of the government. In 2009, NCMS was fully rolled out after a pilot operation. Formally become a part of the basic medical security system of our country. The determination of the historical status of NCMS is not only an important achievement in deepening the reform of medicine and health care, but also a new starting point for the medical security system and medical resources between urban and rural areas to be fair. The so-called medical fairness means that the medical services obtained by individuals are not based on their social status and reflect the equality of everyone in the power of medical treatment. Medical fairness is an important part of social equity, which not only involves human rights, but also concerns human health. On the road of exploration, the Communist Party of China, no matter what difficulties it goes through, never forgets to pursue social justice as its greatest goal. In the practice of leading the people of the whole country in the long-term socialist construction, the Party inherited and developed the Marxist concept of fairness, paying great attention to social equity while paying attention to economic efficiency. However, with the rapid development of our country's economy and society, we are faced with many new problems and challenges, such as the income gap of residents is too large, the distribution of education and medical resources is not balanced and so on. Therefore, the construction of new rural cooperation, which is suitable for China's national conditions and embodies the principle of fairness, will effectively realize the overall planning of medical resources between urban and rural areas, guarantee the medical fairness of urban and rural residents, and be conducive to the sustainable construction and development of rural areas. NCMS plays an important role in guaranteeing farmers access to basic health services and alleviating poverty caused by illness and returning to poverty due to illness. However, there are still many problems in the implementation process, especially the lack of fairness. Fairness, as an important principle and foundation of social security system, is also the development direction of NCMS. Therefore, to study and guide NCMS from the perspective of Marxist view of fairness is beneficial to provide guidance for the construction of institutional fairness and meet the requirements of socialist construction.
【学位授予单位】：锦州医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：A81

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