工商资本参与农地流转的研究

发布时间：2018-11-23 15:59

【摘要】：通过农业规模化、产业化经营实现农业潜在利润是工商资本参与农地流转的主要动力,工商资本进入农村土地市场参加农业经营,已成为一股新型农业经营力量。当前工商资本进入农地流转的主要形式有直接参与模式：反租倒包、收购上市的农业企业,间接参与模式：公司+农户、公司+中介+农户,但其进入也面临着很多阻碍,缺乏全面、规范的农地流转制度引导,之前在家庭联产承包责任制下,农地经营以自给自足为主,导致农业经营的软、硬件基础设施薄弱,以及农地经营较分散,工商资本进入成本比较高等。工商资本进入农地流转,能促进规模经营,提高农业的比较收益。但另一方面,工商资本的逐利性会带来相应的风险,且工商资本参与农地流转的动机各不相同,一些工商资本像打造农业产业链,获取高额收益,一些是在政府鼓励下参与到其中,而有些是为了获得高额的农业补贴,由于目的各不相同,会导致“非粮化”、“非农化”趋势明显,影响粮食安全战略的实现,失地农民就业与权益的维护问题日益凸显,这些都是急需解决的问题。论文选取浙江省工商资本参与农地流转的先行地区,在分析绍兴县富盛镇董溪村土地信托模式的同时,用二元Logit模型进行农地流转的影响因素分析,研究发现工资性收入占总收入的比重、户主的受教育水平、家庭劳动力数量、家庭总收入、家庭成员最高教育水平、家庭成员的健康状况、金融机构的距离对农地流转行为具有显著的正向影响；是否拥有一定的社会资本对农地流转行为具有显著的负向影响。在基于相关理论探讨和浙江省案例的模型分析基础上,提出一些相关完善、促进工商资本参与农地流转的建议。政府应加大在基础设施、资金上对工商资本参与农地流转的扶持力度,同时也该引导、规范好农地的用途。另一方面,应完善相关失地农民的社会保障制度。
[Abstract]:Through the scale of agriculture, realizing the potential profit of agriculture in industrialization is the main motive force for industrial and commercial capital to participate in the transfer of agricultural land. Industrial and commercial capital entering the rural land market to participate in agricultural management has become a new type of agricultural management force. At present, the main forms of industrial and commercial capital entering into agricultural land circulation are direct participation mode: anti-leasing, purchasing listed agricultural enterprises, indirect participation mode: corporate farmers, corporate intermediary farmers, but its entry is also faced with a lot of obstacles. In the absence of a comprehensive and standardized agricultural land transfer system, previously under the household contract responsibility system, agricultural land management was mainly self-sufficient, resulting in weak hardware and software infrastructure, and decentralized agricultural land management. The entry cost of industrial and commercial capital is relatively high. The industrial and commercial capital enters the farmland circulation, can promote the scale management, enhances the agricultural comparative income. However, on the other hand, the profit-driven nature of industrial and commercial capital will bring about corresponding risks, and the motives of industrial and commercial capital to participate in agricultural land circulation are different. Some industrial and commercial capital, like creating an agricultural industrial chain, obtains high profits. Some are encouraged by the Government to participate in it, while others are in order to obtain high agricultural subsidies, which can lead to "non-food" and "non-agricultural" trends, which affect the realization of food security strategies. The employment and rights and interests of land-lost farmers are increasingly prominent, these are urgent problems to be solved. This paper selects the leading area of Zhejiang Province industrial and commercial capital to participate in agricultural land transfer, analyzes the land trust mode of Dongxi Village in Fusheng Town, Shaoxing County, and analyzes the influencing factors of farmland transfer by using dual Logit model. The study found that the proportion of wage income to total income, the education level of the head of household, the number of family labor force, the total household income, the highest educational level of the family members, the health status of the family members, The distance of financial institutions has a significant positive impact on the behavior of agricultural land transfer; Whether has certain social capital has the significant negative influence to the farmland circulation behavior. Based on the analysis of relevant theories and the case of Zhejiang Province, some suggestions are put forward to improve the participation of industrial and commercial capital in farmland transfer. The government should strengthen the support for the industrial and commercial capital to participate in the agricultural land circulation in the infrastructure and capital, at the same time, it should guide and standardize the use of agricultural land. On the other hand, we should perfect the social security system of farmers who lost land.
【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F321.1;F323.9

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