论我国遗赠扶养协议制度的立法完善
发布时间：2018-12-12 18:21
【摘要】：21世纪以来,全球人口老龄化趋势愈发严峻,越来越多家庭将处于421结构模式,即一对年轻夫妇须供养四位年长父母和一个孩子。中国是个人口大国,整体经济水平和社会保障体系还不足以缓解人口老龄化带来的巨大养老压力。遗赠扶养协议是我国《继承法》中很重要的法律制度,公民之间通过签订协议,对需要帮助的老人给予法律保护,无疑可以很好地解决我国面临的养老问题,具有重要的理论和实践意义。但现行法律关于遗赠扶养协议的条文非常少,且可操作性不强,导致该制度的功能未能得以有效发挥。本文主要从司法实践案例出发,对遗赠扶养协议的概念和性质作出界定,分析了现行遗赠扶养协议制度存在的不足,并在此基础上提出相关的立法完善建议。除引言和结语外,本文拟通过以下四部分内容展开论述:第一部分,问题的提出。本部分主要从司法案例出发,提出遗赠扶养协议的主体、遗赠扶养协议的解除等实务中争议的问题。第二部分,遗赠扶养协议制度基本理论概述。本部分主要将遗赠扶养协议与遗赠和国外的继承契约等概念进行比较,界定了协议的概念、性质和特征,并阐述其在中国的历史演变及意义。第三部分,我国现行遗赠扶养协议制度及其不足。本部分主要阐述我国现行遗赠扶养协议制度的内容及其适用现状,并从主体范围过窄、未规定形式要件、内容及效力规范过于简单、未规定解除事由及法律后果等方面分析现有制度存在的不足。第四部分,我国遗赠扶养协议制度的完善。本部分主要为我国遗赠扶养协议制度提出了完善建议,包括:扩大协议的主体范围、规定形式要件、进一步明确权利义务内容、完善协议的解除事由、法律后果及效力等方面。
[Abstract]:Since the 21st century, the global population aging trend is becoming more and more serious, more and more families will be in the 421 structure, that is, a young couple has to support four older parents and one child. China is a large population, the overall economic level and social security system is not enough to alleviate the aging population caused by the enormous pressure on the elderly. The bequeath maintenance agreement is a very important legal system in our country's inheritance Law. By signing an agreement between citizens to provide legal protection to the elderly who need help, there is no doubt that the problem of providing for the aged in our country can be solved very well. It has important theoretical and practical significance. However, there are very few provisions on legacies maintenance agreement in the current law, and the operation is not strong, so the function of the system can not be brought into full play. Based on the case of judicial practice, this paper defines the concept and nature of the bequest maintenance agreement, analyzes the shortcomings of the current legacies maintenance agreement system, and puts forward some suggestions on how to perfect the relevant legislation. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this paper will be discussed through the following four parts: the first part, the question raised. This part mainly from the judicial case, puts forward the main body of the bequest maintenance agreement, the relief of the legacy maintenance agreement and other issues in practice. The second part is an overview of the basic theory of legacy maintenance agreement system. This part mainly compares the concept of bequest maintenance agreement with bequest and foreign inheritance contract, defines the concept, nature and characteristics of the agreement, and expounds its historical evolution and significance in China. The third part, our country present bequest maintenance agreement system and its insufficiency. This part mainly expounds the content and application status of the current bequeath maintenance agreement system in our country, and the scope of the subject is too narrow, the formal elements are not stipulated, the content and the effective standard are too simple. The deficiency of the existing system is analyzed in the aspects of the reason of relief and the legal consequence. The fourth part, our country bequeath maintenance agreement system consummation. This part mainly puts forward some suggestions for the system of bequeath and maintenance agreement in China, including expanding the scope of the agreement, stipulating the formal elements, further clarifying the content of rights and obligations, perfecting the reason of the release of the agreement, the legal consequences and the validity of the agreement, and so on.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D923.5
本文编号：2375077
[Abstract]:Since the 21st century, the global population aging trend is becoming more and more serious, more and more families will be in the 421 structure, that is, a young couple has to support four older parents and one child. China is a large population, the overall economic level and social security system is not enough to alleviate the aging population caused by the enormous pressure on the elderly. The bequeath maintenance agreement is a very important legal system in our country's inheritance Law. By signing an agreement between citizens to provide legal protection to the elderly who need help, there is no doubt that the problem of providing for the aged in our country can be solved very well. It has important theoretical and practical significance. However, there are very few provisions on legacies maintenance agreement in the current law, and the operation is not strong, so the function of the system can not be brought into full play. Based on the case of judicial practice, this paper defines the concept and nature of the bequest maintenance agreement, analyzes the shortcomings of the current legacies maintenance agreement system, and puts forward some suggestions on how to perfect the relevant legislation. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this paper will be discussed through the following four parts: the first part, the question raised. This part mainly from the judicial case, puts forward the main body of the bequest maintenance agreement, the relief of the legacy maintenance agreement and other issues in practice. The second part is an overview of the basic theory of legacy maintenance agreement system. This part mainly compares the concept of bequest maintenance agreement with bequest and foreign inheritance contract, defines the concept, nature and characteristics of the agreement, and expounds its historical evolution and significance in China. The third part, our country present bequest maintenance agreement system and its insufficiency. This part mainly expounds the content and application status of the current bequeath maintenance agreement system in our country, and the scope of the subject is too narrow, the formal elements are not stipulated, the content and the effective standard are too simple. The deficiency of the existing system is analyzed in the aspects of the reason of relief and the legal consequence. The fourth part, our country bequeath maintenance agreement system consummation. This part mainly puts forward some suggestions for the system of bequeath and maintenance agreement in China, including expanding the scope of the agreement, stipulating the formal elements, further clarifying the content of rights and obligations, perfecting the reason of the release of the agreement, the legal consequences and the validity of the agreement, and so on.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D923.5
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