福州市仓山区“城中村”改造失地农民社会保障问题研究

发布时间：2018-12-12 16:59

【摘要】：随着国家经济的快速推进,城市化的进程也随之加快,失地农民的出现是我国农村向城镇转变的必然结果,随之产生了相关的社会保障问题。本文分别对国外和国内的城市化进程关于失地农民社会保障先进做法做出认真研究,吸收他们的精华,并以福州市仓山区已完成和正在进行中的“城中村”改造村庄作为调研对象,对因“城中村”改造而失去土地农民的生活现状进行调查,集中分析改造后失地农民社保情况和存在的问题及产生问题的原因,进而提出符合仓山区的失地农民社会保障制度对策及建议。首先借鉴国内其他城市“城中村”改造过程中,解决失地农民生活问题的经验,并结合仓山区失地农民的情况,提出安置的可行性建议。通过有效约束政府的部分权利并分析现有土地征用制度的不足,对政府“城中村”改造行为提出建议,保障农民的合法收益；通过选择合理的地价评估体系,健全利益补偿和分享机制,提升对失地农民的补偿力度。其次是解决农民失去土地以后遇到的各种社会保障问题,包含养老保险、医疗保险、最低生活保障、就业保障等问题。即通过健全失地农民养老保险制度,解决他们养老保障的问题；通过完善新农村合作医疗制度体系建设,做好失地农民医疗保险制度的健全；通过建立失地农民的最低生活保障制度,让失地农民也能享受到城镇最低生活保障制度带来的实惠：通过加强失地农民专业技能教育培训,为他们提供更多的就业空间,解决他们因失地而失业的烦恼。最后通过问卷调研,对福州市仓山区具体的“城中村”改造村庄失地农民的社保问题进行深入分析,结合数据提出了关于健全仓山区失地农民社保问题的解决方案。即通过完善社保政策,提高补偿标准,加大就业培训力度,提供更多的人文关怀等方式,对仓山区失地农民的社会保障问题进行改进。本文力求通过对福州市仓山区“城中村”改造而产生的失地农民的社保问题进行调研分析,找出问题存在的原因,并提出有关建设改进意见,希望能够帮助福州市构建适合本地区的失地农民社保体系以及加快城市建设步伐提供一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of national economy, the process of urbanization is also speeding up. The emergence of landless farmers is the inevitable result of the transformation from rural areas to cities and towns in China, resulting in related social security problems. This paper makes a careful study on the advanced methods of social security for landless farmers in the process of urbanization both at home and abroad, so as to absorb their essence. Taking the village transformation of "village in city", which has been completed and is in progress, in Cangshan District of Fuzhou City as the research object, this paper investigates the living conditions of peasants who have lost their land because of the transformation of "village in city". This paper focuses on the analysis of the social security situation and the existing problems and the causes of the problems of the land-lost peasants after the transformation, and then puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions for the social security system of the land-lost peasants in accordance with the Cangshan area. First of all, the experience of solving the living problems of land-lost farmers in the process of transformation of "villages in cities" in other cities in China is used for reference, and the feasible suggestions for resettlement are put forward in the light of the situation of land-lost peasants in Cangshan area. By effectively restricting part of the government's rights and analyzing the deficiencies of the existing land expropriation system, the author puts forward some suggestions on the transformation of the government's "village in the city", so as to ensure the legitimate income of the peasants. By choosing a reasonable land price evaluation system and perfecting the benefit compensation and sharing mechanism, the compensation for land-losing farmers is enhanced. The second is to solve all kinds of social security problems after farmers lose their land, including old-age insurance, medical insurance, minimum living security, employment security and so on. That is, by perfecting the old-age insurance system of land-lost farmers, solving the problem of their old-age security, and perfecting the construction of the new rural cooperative medical system, the health insurance system of land-lost farmers' medical insurance system can be improved. By establishing a minimum living security system for landless farmers, landless farmers can also enjoy the benefits of the urban minimum living security system: by strengthening the education and training in professional skills of landless farmers, they will be provided with more employment space. To solve their trouble of losing their jobs because of the loss of land. Finally, through questionnaire investigation, the social security problems of the land-lost farmers in the villages in Cangshan District of Fuzhou City are deeply analyzed, and the solutions to the social security problems of land-lost farmers in Cangshan area are put forward. That is to improve the social security problems of land-lost farmers in Cangshan area by perfecting the social security policy raising the compensation standard increasing the employment training and providing more humanistic care. Through the investigation and analysis of the social security problems of the land-lost farmers caused by the transformation of "villages in cities" in Cangshan District of Fuzhou City, this paper tries to find out the causes of the problems, and puts forward some suggestions on construction and improvement. It is hoped that it can help Fuzhou to set up a social security system for landless farmers and to speed up the pace of urban construction.
【学位授予单位】：福建农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F323.89

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