新型城镇化进程中失地农民发展问题研究

发布时间：2019-02-09 20:35

【摘要】：近年来,我国城镇化进程迅猛发展,为我国的经济发展带来了积极的影响,成为我国经济建设和现代化建设的重要一部分。但在推进城镇化的过程中,势必要征得农民的土地,因此失地农民就成为了一个特殊群体,在失去土地之后,他们的就业、社会保障、医疗、教育等都是亟待解决的问题。随着城镇化进程的加快,失地农民也越来越多,由于目前的城乡二元结构制度,土地征用制度的不完善、社会保障制度不健全等,失地农民并未享受到与城镇居民同等的社会保障,失业、就业难、创业无资本、有病无钱医,养老无所依,保障农民发展的步伐并没有跟上城镇化建设的步伐,失地农民的生存与发展面临着严重的威胁,影响着社会的稳定与和谐。城镇化的出发点和落脚点在于“以人为本”,是以人为核心的城镇化,是关乎着人与社会的发展问题,如何将城镇化过程中关注经济的发展转变为关注人的发展,提高城镇化的质量,将发展的成果分享于民、造福于民,使广大人民真正体会到社会现代化发展带来的人的理想生活方式,是我国以人为本的和谐社会的重要体现,是全面建成小康社会的重要保障,是一项任重道远的历史使命。论文以我国新型城镇化为背景,以失地农民的发展为立足点,分为五部分展开研究:第一部分为引言,介绍失地农民发展问题的研究背景、研究意义,分析国内外相关理论研究现状。第二部分阐述关于失地农民发展问题的理论基础,即以马克思主义关于人的发展理论为基点,从理论上论述解决失地农民发展问题的重要性。第三部分是对我国失地农民目前发展现状的简单叙述,通过分析发展现状中存在的问题,论述了这些问题对失地农民物质需求、精神文化需求方面带来的影响。从而为分析新型城镇化中失地农民问题产生的原因作铺垫。第四部分在分析失地农民发展存在的问题基础上,得出失地农民发展问题产生的原因包括:土地制度设计不合理、土地征用制度不完善、政府的寻租行为、社会保障制度不健全、农民自身问题。第五部分介绍了国外的一些解决失地农民的经验以及对我国的启示。对促进失地农民的发展提出了一些可行性的建议,完善现行的土地征用制度、创新失地农民安置方式、促进失地农民就业、健全失地农民的社会保障制度、丰富失地农民精神文化生活,提高生活品质。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the rapid development of China's urbanization process has brought a positive impact on the economic development of our country, and has become an important part of China's economic construction and modernization. However, in the process of promoting urbanization, peasants are bound to obtain the land of farmers, so land-lost farmers have become a special group. After losing their land, their employment, social security, medical care, education and so on are all urgent problems to be solved. With the acceleration of the urbanization process, more and more land-lost farmers have been lost. As a result of the current urban-rural dual structure system, the imperfect land expropriation system, the imperfect social security system, and so on, Landless farmers do not enjoy the same social security as urban residents. They are unemployed, difficult to obtain employment, have no capital to start their own businesses, have no money and medical care, and have no basis for providing for the aged. The pace of ensuring the development of farmers has not kept pace with the pace of urbanization. The survival and development of landless farmers are facing a serious threat, which affects the stability and harmony of society. The starting point and foothold of urbanization lies in "people-oriented", which is a human-centered urbanization, which is related to the development of human and society. How to change the attention to economic development into human development in the process of urbanization, To improve the quality of urbanization, to share the fruits of development among the people, to benefit the people, and to make the people truly realize the ideal way of life brought about by the development of social modernization is an important embodiment of a harmonious society based on people. It is an important guarantee for building a well-off society in an all-round way and a long historical mission. Based on the background of new urbanization in China and the development of landless farmers, the thesis is divided into five parts: the first part is the introduction, which introduces the research background and significance of the development of land-lost farmers. The current situation of theoretical research at home and abroad is analyzed. The second part expounds the theoretical basis of the development of land-lost farmers, that is, based on the Marxist theory of human development, discusses theoretically the importance of solving the problem of land-lost farmers' development. The third part is a brief description of the current development of land-lost farmers in China, through the analysis of the existing problems in the development situation, discussed the impact of these problems on the material needs, spiritual and cultural needs of land-lost farmers. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the causes of the problem of land-lost farmers in the new urbanization. Based on the analysis of the problems existing in the development of land-lost farmers, the fourth part concludes that the causes of the problems include: unreasonable design of land system, imperfect system of land expropriation, rent-seeking behavior of the government. Social security system is not perfect, farmers themselves. The fifth part introduces the experiences of some foreign farmers and their enlightenment to our country. Some feasible suggestions are put forward to promote the development of land-lost farmers, to perfect the current land expropriation system, to innovate the way of placement of land-lost peasants, to promote the employment of land-lost peasants, and to perfect the social security system of land-lost peasants. Enrich the spiritual and cultural life of landless farmers and improve their quality of life.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D422.6

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