企业社会工作“社区综合发展模式”的探索

发布时间：2018-01-06 09:27

本文关键词：企业社会工作“社区综合发展模式”的探索　出处：《安徽大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济迅速发展,工业化、城镇化不断加速,社会急剧转型,企业问题也日益突出。企业员工作为企业中的弱势群体,面临着工作时间长,工作压力大,工资福利待遇差,员工与员工关系不稳定,员工与企业管理者矛盾多的种种问题。企业主与企业其他管理者看似占据强势地位,实则也面临着不小的压力和不少的问题：劳资矛盾日益严重,企业员工流失率逐年增高,新一代企业职工适应性差,企业整体运作效率低,企业社会责任很难完成等。总之,无论是企业自身还是企业员工都面临着种种困境与挑战。而企业社会工作是运用自身专业的工作手法,以员工和企业全面、科学发展为宗旨,逐渐尝试攻克企业中的一个个难题。所以以预防和解决企业问题为目标的企业社会工作越来越受到人们的关注。最近,国内的企业社会工作有所发展,国内也已经形成了关于企业社会工作实务模式的不同分类,但是大多数实务模式是从西方借鉴而来的,国家目前正在国内不同地区进行试点,分类多而杂,没有统一的归类和称呼。所以,国内还没有探索出一套认定的适合我国国情的企业社会工作实务模式,这也自然而然成为了企业社会工作发展的当务之急。笔者主要运用了访谈法、问卷调查法、参与式观察法进行了综合分析。文章首先对社会工作及企业社会工作进行了综合概述,包括一些概念的介绍,文献综述及研究思路等：在对比较常用的几种社会工作实务模式进行综合分析之后,重点探讨了比较适合中国的“社区综合发展模式”；然后笔者以在深圳企业社会工作领域的专业实习为依托,从“社区综合发展模式”的优势、不足等几个方面,深入分析了这种实务模式的发展现状及提出了有针对性的改进建议。最后,笔者对企业社会工作进行了展望,主要是从五点论述了“社区综合发展模式”如何与“厂内模式”相结合从而引领企业社会工作的未来发展趋势,推进企业社会工作的良性运作。从整体的角度来说,文章最终得出如下结论：首先,“社区综合发展模式”虽然是刚刚崭露头角,但其前期的发展趋势表明其适合中国的发展国情,必将在以后的发展中产生重大作用；其次,“社区综合发展模式”有其自身的发展优势,但也产生了很明显的问题,如果不正视这些问题,不去尝试着解决这些问题,这种模式不会得到大规模、高速度的发展与推广；再次,“社区综合发展模式”目前是适合国内的发展现状,但是因为企业和国家的复杂情况,不可能单靠这一种模式去应对未来的挑战,所以仍然需要其它适合的实务模式辅助以配合并促进“社区综合发展模式”的未来发展；最后,“社区综合发展模式”是以社区为立足点,突破这种实务模式的运作困境必然还需要以社区为载体,政府、民间团体、义工力量的广泛支持与鼓励必不可少。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of our economy, industrialization, urbanization, rapid social transformation, enterprise problems are increasingly prominent. As a vulnerable group in enterprises, enterprise employees are faced with long working hours and heavy working pressure. Wages and benefits are poor, the relationship between employees and employees is unstable, and there are many contradictions between employees and managers. Business owners and other managers seem to occupy a strong position. In fact, it is also faced with a lot of pressure and many problems: the increasingly serious labor and capital contradictions, the increase of staff turnover rate year by year, the poor adaptability of the new generation of enterprise workers, and the low efficiency of the overall operation of the enterprise. Corporate social responsibility is very difficult to complete. In a word, both the enterprise itself and the enterprise staff are faced with various difficulties and challenges. However, the enterprise social work is to use their own professional working methods to employees and enterprises in an all-round way. Scientific development for the purpose, gradually trying to overcome a difficult problem in the enterprise. Therefore, the enterprise social work which aims to prevent and solve the enterprise problems has been paid more and more attention. Recently. The domestic enterprise social work has developed, the domestic has also formed the different classification about the enterprise social work practice pattern, but the majority of the practice pattern is from the west to draw lessons from. The country is currently carrying out pilot projects in different regions in China, with many and miscellaneous classifications and no unified classification and address. Therefore, China has not yet explored a set of identified models of corporate social work practice suitable for the national conditions of our country. This has naturally become an urgent task for the development of corporate social work. The author mainly uses the method of interview and questionnaire. Firstly, the paper gives a comprehensive overview of social work and corporate social work, including the introduction of some concepts. Literature review and research ideas: after a comprehensive analysis of several commonly used social work practice models, the author focuses on the "community comprehensive development model" which is more suitable for China; Then the author based on the professional practice in the field of social work in Shenzhen, from the "community comprehensive development model" advantages, shortcomings and other aspects. In-depth analysis of the development of this practical model and put forward targeted suggestions for improvement. Finally, the author of the enterprise social work prospects. It mainly discusses how to combine "community comprehensive development model" with "factory model" from five points to lead the future development trend of enterprise social work. From the overall point of view, the article comes to the following conclusions: first of all, the "community comprehensive development model" is just emerging. However, its early development trend shows that it is suitable for the development of China and will play an important role in the future development. Secondly, the "community comprehensive development model" has its own development advantages, but also has produced very obvious problems, if we do not face these problems, do not try to solve these problems, this model will not get large-scale. High speed development and promotion; Third, the "community integrated development model" is suitable for the current domestic development situation, but because of the complex situation of enterprises and countries, it is impossible to rely on this model to meet the challenges in the future. Therefore, other suitable practical models are still needed to coordinate and promote the future development of the "community integrated development model"; Finally, the "community comprehensive development model" is based on the community, to break through the operational dilemma of this practical model, it is necessary to take the community as the carrier, the government, the civil society. The broad support and encouragement of volunteers is essential.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：C916

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