缅怀疗法在农村留守老人精神慰藉服务中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 20:41

本文选题：缅怀疗法　切入点：农村留守老人　出处：《井冈山大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：农村留守老人已经成为了一个庞大的弱势群体,越来越引起国家的重视,十八届三中全会明确提出要健全农村留守老人关爱服务体系,随后民政部发布《老年社会工作服务指南》,着重提出留守老人的服务内容包括精神慰藉。通过查找文献,心理学和护理学运用缅怀疗法介入治疗老年人抑郁症,孤独症等精神障碍方面取得了很好的效果,社会工作运用缅怀疗法,尤其是将缅怀疗法应用于农村留守老人的研究极少,因此,本文从新的角度,将缅怀疗法运用于农村留守老人,并结合社会工作的小组工作方法和个案工作方法,为农村留守老人提供精神慰藉方面的服务。针对老人精神慰藉方面的需求,将8-10名农村留守老人组成一个缅怀小组,共开展6次小组活动,主要围绕精神慰藉的三个维度设计活动,即社会尊重、成就期待和情感慰藉,在小组中主要使用缅怀疗法,通过老人回忆往事,回忆过去的正性的事件,获得人生成长的价值体验,缓解农村老人因留守带来的孤独寂寞等负性情绪;社会工作者与老人一起找回人生价值,丰富老人的精神世界,从而丰富老年生活,提升农村留守老人的生活质量。对于人生经历较为丰富的老年人,则进行深度访谈,以个案的形式对老人开展社会工作服务,与老人一起缅怀过去,重拾人生成就感。运用缅怀疗法对农村留守老人的精神慰藉方面进行服务,在评估效果方面使用的主要是满意度问卷调查法,结合观察法和访谈法对老人的改变进行评估。通过缅怀疗法的使用,一方面是为了丰富农村留守老人的精神生活,帮助老人重新找回自我价值,另一方面也能进一步验证缅怀疗法的效果研究,并为社会工作的发展提供一些理论和实践的借鉴。缅怀疗法的使用意义就是让老人自身强化认识到子女的成就价值,自我成就价值,社会尊重在精神慰藉方面的价值所在,然后通过这个新的认识去找回生活的自信,从而将老年生活过得幸福美满。
[Abstract]:The elderly left behind in rural areas have become a huge vulnerable group and have attracted more and more attention from the state. The third Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee explicitly proposed to improve the care and service system for the elderly left behind in rural areas.Subsequently, the Ministry of Civil Affairs issued the Social work Service Guide for the elderly, which emphasized that the service content of the elderly left behind included spiritual comfort.Especially, the research on the application of nostalgia therapy to the elderly left behind in rural areas is rare. Therefore, from a new perspective, this paper applies the nostalgia therapy to the rural left-behind elderly, and combines the group work method and the case work method of social work.To provide spiritual comfort services for the elderly left behind in rural areas.In order to meet the needs of spiritual comfort for the elderly, a group of 8-10 rural left-behind elderly people was formed into a group of 6 group activities designed around the three dimensions of spiritual comfort, namely, social respect, achievement expectation and emotional consolation.In the group, the main use of nostalgia therapy, through the elderly memories of the past, recall the past positive events, to obtain the value of life growth experience, to alleviate the rural elderly because of the loneliness brought by left behind and other negative emotions;Social workers and the elderly find the value of life together, enrich the spiritual world of the elderly, thereby enrich the life of the elderly, and improve the quality of life of the elderly left behind in rural areas.For the elderly who have rich life experiences, in-depth interviews are conducted to provide social work services to the elderly in the form of individual cases, to remember the past together with the elderly and to regain their sense of achievement in life.Using nostalgia therapy to provide psychological comfort for the elderly left behind in rural areas, the main methods used in the evaluation of the effect are satisfaction questionnaire, combined with observation and interviews to assess the changes of the elderly.And for the development of social work to provide some theoretical and practical reference.The use of memory therapy is to strengthen the elderly to recognize the value of their children's achievement, self-achievement value, social respect in the value of spiritual comfort, and then through this new understanding to find the self-confidence of life.In order to live a happy life in old age.
【学位授予单位】：井冈山大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C913.6;C916

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