农村育龄期妇女对家庭暴力认知水平及相关因素研究

发布时间：2018-05-19 04:43

本文选题：家庭暴力 + 育龄期妇女　；参考：《山东大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：[研究背景] 家庭暴力是指对家庭成员进行伤害、折磨、摧残和压迫等人身方面的强暴行为,目前己成为一个全球范围普遍关注的重要社会问题和公共卫生问题,对妇女及其子女的健康构成了极大威胁。全国妇联一项调查数据显示,我国2.7亿个家庭中大约30%的家庭存在不同程度的家庭暴力,施暴者90%以上是男性,且其中很大比例发生在农村家庭。农村育龄期妇女不仅是农业劳动力,而且是维持日常家庭生计的主要支柱。针对农村育龄妇女家庭暴力的发生率不断上升,破坏家庭和谐,影响家庭成员的健康发展,其后果是十分严重的。我国农村育龄妇女对家庭暴力的认知存在诸多误区,意识不到家庭暴力是对妇女合法权益的一种侵犯,反而将其视为家庭私事和日常生活的一部分。男尊女卑的封建意识在广大农村地区仍然盛行,不少地区男性夫权思想严重,导致很多人认为家庭暴力的发生责任在妇女,而意识不到是社会性别不平等这个深层次原因。农村地区育龄妇女对家庭暴力的认知水平高低不等,对家庭暴力的行为了解不多,导致农村育龄妇女遭受家庭暴力情况日趋严重。 [研究目的] 本研究旨在了解农村育龄期妇女家庭暴力认知情况,在此基础上分析农村育龄期妇女家庭暴力认知水平的影响因素,结合数据结果提出相关政策、建议,为制定相关干预政策和措施提供理论依据。 [研究方法] 本研究采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,根据人均GDP水平将目标省份所有地级市分为好、中、差三类,采用单纯随机抽样方法抽取3个市6个乡镇,在每个乡镇中再按照经济发展水平随机抽取3个村,共18个村,每个样本村中抽取60名育龄期妇女作为调查对象,实际调查育龄期妇女990人,回收有效问卷924份,有效回收率93.33%。所用调查表根据国外相关研究后自制,调查形式为入户面对面调查,问卷当场核对并回收、编号,后期双份录入后采用SPSS16.0统计软件进行数据分析,统计结果采用描述性分析、卡方检验、Logistic回归等分析方法。 [主要结果] 1.随着家庭暴力行为内容严重程度的增加,被调查对象纳入家庭暴力的人数和比例也随之增加。 2.单因素分析结果显示,教育程度、家庭收入水平、生育观念及家庭地位等因素是育龄期妇女家庭暴力认知水平的影响因素。不同教育程度对“取笑辱骂对方”、“限制行动自由”、“威胁”3个家庭暴力类型的认知不同；不同收入水平对家庭暴力类型中“取笑辱骂对方”、“经济控制”、“限制行动自由”、“威胁”和“推搡”5个家庭暴力类型的认知不同；不同人均年收入的育龄妇女对“经常取笑或辱骂对方”的认知率不同；不同受教育水平在“限制行动自由”和“威胁”两种类型认知不同；不同家庭生育观念在“长期不与对方说话”、“经济控制”、“拳打脚踢”三种类型的认知不同；不同家庭地位对“经常取笑或辱骂对方”属于家庭暴力的认知不同；不同居住情况对“威胁”、“推搡”、“拳打脚踢”、“使用工具进攻”四类家庭暴力类型的认知不同；不同地区的育龄妇女对“限制行动自由”属于家庭暴力的认知方面不同； 3Logistic回归结果显示,非贫困户、文化程度高以及家人不希望生女儿为家庭暴力的危险因素。 [结论] 农村育龄期妇女对家庭暴力认知存在误区,对心理暴力等冷暴力认知不足。农村育龄期妇女的家庭情况、自身情况、配偶情况等众多因素对家庭暴力认知存在影响。 [对策与建议] 1、政府参与,加强宣传,增加人们特别是妇女对家庭暴力的认识。 2、完善反家庭暴力法律法规,加大立法力度,加重社会对家庭暴力的惩罚。 3、充分发挥妇联、工会等组织的作用,加大对妇女权益的保护力度。 4、从社会根源上消除社会性别角色对妇女的束缚。 5、提高育龄期妇女自身的社会适应能力。 6、积极营造反家庭暴力的社会氛围。 7、计生服务网络参与的干预活动。
[Abstract]:[research background]
Domestic violence refers to the violence, torment, destruction and oppression of family members, which has become an important social and public health problem worldwide, which poses a great threat to the health of women and their children.
A survey of the National Women's Federation (ACWF) survey shows that about 30% of the families of 270 million families in China have different degrees of domestic violence. More than 90% of the perpetrators are men, and a large proportion of them occur in rural families. The rural women of childbearing age are not only the agricultural labor force, but also the main support for the maintenance of daily family livelihood. The incidence of domestic violence in women is rising, destroying family harmony and affecting the healthy development of family members. The consequences are very serious. There are many misunderstandings in the cognition of domestic violence in rural women of childbearing age in our country. It is not aware that domestic violence is a violation of the legitimate rights and interests of women. Instead, it is regarded as a family private affair and a daily life. A part of living. The feudal consciousness of men and women is still prevalent in the vast rural areas. In many areas, men have serious thought of husband's rights. Many people think that the responsibility of domestic violence is in women, but the consciousness of gender inequality is not the deep reason. There is little understanding of domestic violence, which has led to increasingly serious domestic violence among women of childbearing age in rural areas.
[research purposes]
The purpose of this study is to understand the cognition of domestic violence in rural childbearing age, and on the basis of this, to analyze the factors affecting the cognitive level of domestic violence in rural women of childbearing age, and to put forward relevant policies and suggestions based on the results of the data, and provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of relevant intervention policies and measures.
[research methods]
In this study, the method of stratified cluster random sampling was used to divide all grade cities in the target provinces into good, medium and bad three categories according to the per capita GDP level. 3 cities and 6 towns were selected by simple random sampling. In each township, 3 villages were randomly selected according to the level of economic development, and 18 villages were selected in a total of 18 villages and 60 childbearing age women were extracted from each sample village. As an object of investigation, 990 women of childbearing age were investigated and 924 valid questionnaires were collected. The questionnaire was made in the form of self-made by foreign related research. The questionnaire was checked and recovered in the form of the questionnaire on the spot, and the data were analyzed with SPSS16.0 statistics software after the late double entry, and the statistical results were obtained. Descriptive analysis, chi square test and Logistic regression analysis were used.
[main results]
1. with the increase in the severity of domestic violence, the number and proportion of respondents who were involved in domestic violence increased.
2. single factor analysis showed that educational level, family income level, birth concept and family status were the factors affecting the cognitive level of domestic violence in women of childbearing age. Different educational levels were different in the cognition of "teasing abusive abuse", "restricting action freedom", "threat" and "threat", and different income levels. The cognitions of 5 types of domestic violence in the type of domestic violence: "teasing abusive abuse", "economic control", "restricting freedom of action", "threat" and "push and shoving" are different; the cognitive rate of women of child-bearing age of different per capita annual income on "often teasing or abusing each other" is different; different levels of education are "restricting freedom of action" The cognitive differences between the two types of "menace" and "threat" are different. Different family concepts are different in the three types: "long term does not speak to each other", "economic control" and "punching and kicking". The cognitions of the four types of domestic violence, such as "pushing", "punching and kicking" and "using tool attack", are different in the cognitive aspects of the "restricted freedom of action" in different areas.
3Logistic regression showed that non poor families, high education and family members did not want to give birth to daughters as a risk factor for domestic violence.
[Conclusion]
There are some misunderstandings on domestic violence in rural childbearing age and lack of cognition of cold violence such as psychological violence. The family situation, self situation and spouse situation in rural childbearing age women affect the cognition of domestic violence.
[countermeasures and suggestions]
1, the government has taken part in strengthening publicity to increase people's awareness of domestic violence, especially women.
2, we should improve laws and regulations against domestic violence, intensify legislation and increase social penalties for domestic violence.
3, give full play to the role of women's federations, trade unions and other organizations, and increase the protection of women's rights and interests.
4, eliminate social constraints on women from the social root.
5, improve the social adaptability of women of childbearing age.
6, actively create a social atmosphere against domestic violence.
7, the intervention activities involved in the network of family planning services.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：C913.1

【参考文献】