殡葬社会工作介入殡葬从业人员心理调适研究

发布时间：2018-06-01 00:11

本文选题：殡葬社会工作 + 殡葬从业人员　；参考：《安徽大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：殡葬从业人员一直以来是一个被边缘化的群体,容易被社会和学术界忽视。随着殡葬改革的不断推行,殡葬从业人员这个职业逐渐进入大众的视野,他们由于其特殊的工作场域与工作内容,在工作和生活中易形成心理压力与不良的情绪。心理调适是指人们在遇到心理压力或心理困惑时,可以主动通过用心理科学的方法进行自我调整和放松,以达到消除心理障碍恢复正常状态的过程。然而,殡葬从业人员由于面临种种因素容易形成心理问题,但事实上,他们的心理调适能力不容乐观。本研究以殡葬从业人员为研究对象,深入调查了殡葬从业人员的心理健康现状以及心理调适问题,以期引入社会工作方法探讨介入策略。本研究是笔者跟随A省殡葬协会课题组①开展课题调查时,针对H市殡仪馆殡葬从业人员开展的关于心理调适研究,了解运用具体实例关注一线殡葬从业人员的生活现状,了解他们的在面对特殊的工作任务时,职业环境与大众偏见等因素对其的心理状况影响及心理调适现状。通过半结构式访谈、座谈、心理学量表与观察法等形式对不同工作岗位的40名从业人员开展调查,并用文献研究与数据分析方法结合社会学理论、社会工作视角进行分析。调查结果表明:1.殡葬从业人员的心理现状主要为工作量大,心理压抑;相亲屡遭回绝,形成婚恋心理冲突;不主动握手已经成习惯,容易遭到社会偏见，害怕在社交场合中出现,孤独感和自卑心理明显;家庭关系紧张等。2.社会工作视角下殡葬从业人员心理问题主要为:工作心理压力大、人际交往困难、价值认同感低、婚恋心理冲突、自我减压和心理调适的意识薄弱与技巧缺乏。并通过社会工作理论视角从个体层面、工作层面与社会层面对其产生心理问题的原因进行分析。3.结合殡葬社会工作实践理论探索出培养殡葬社会工作队伍,设立殡葬社工岗位;运用社会工作三大方法作为介入路径。4.提出了开展心理疏导工作;创造良好的工作环境;提升员工幸福感;开展"殡仪馆开放日",消除社会偏见;多层面联动改善心理健康水平、关注内在心理环境与工作场域以及建立心理调适与心理危机防御机制的对策建议。殡葬活动是社会运行中不可或缺的一部分,殡葬行业的发展离不开殡葬从业人员的努力,因此关注殡葬从业者的心理健康问题至关重要。殡葬社会工作可以用其助人的优势介入到殡葬从业人员的心理调适方面,为殡葬从业人员的心理健康保驾护航。
[Abstract]:Funeral practitioners have always been a marginalized group, easily ignored by society and academia. With the continuous implementation of funeral reform, funeral practitioners have gradually entered the public's field of vision. Because of their special work field and work content, they tend to form psychological pressure and bad emotions in their work and life. Psychological adjustment means that when people encounter psychological pressure or psychological confusion, they can take the initiative to adjust and relax themselves by means of psychological science, in order to eliminate psychological obstacles and restore their normal state. However, funeral practitioners are prone to form psychological problems due to various factors, but in fact, their psychological adjustment ability is not optimistic. In this study, the funeral practitioners as the research object, in-depth investigation of funeral practitioners' mental health and psychological adjustment, in order to introduce social work to explore intervention strategies. This study is a research on psychological adjustment of funeral practitioners in the funeral parlour of H City, when the author followed the research group 1 of the A Provincial Funeral Association, to understand and apply concrete examples to pay attention to the current situation of the life of the first-line funeral practitioners. To understand the influence of professional environment and public prejudice on their psychological status and their psychological adjustment in the face of special work tasks. Through semi-structured interview, discussion, psychological scale and observation, we investigated 40 employees in different jobs, and used literature research and data analysis method combined with sociological theory, social work perspective to analyze. The results of the survey showed that 1: 1. The psychological status of funeral practitioners is mainly heavy workload and depression; blind dates are repeatedly rejected, forming psychological conflicts between marriage and love; not taking the initiative to shake hands has become a habit and is prone to social prejudice and fear of appearing in social situations. Loneliness and inferiority complex, family tension, etc. From the perspective of social work, the main psychological problems of funeral practitioners are: the psychological pressure of work, the difficulty of interpersonal communication, the low value identity, the psychological conflict of marriage and love, the weak consciousness of self-decompression and psychological adjustment and the lack of skills. And from the perspective of social work theory from the individual level, work level and social level to analyze the causes of psychological problems. Combining with the theory of funeral social work practice, this paper explores the cultivation of funeral social work team and the establishment of funeral social work posts, and uses three methods of social work as the intervention path. 4. It is proposed to carry out psychological counseling, create a good working environment, promote the well-being of employees, launch an "open day for funeral homes" to eliminate social prejudice, and improve the level of mental health through multi-level linkage. Pay attention to the inner psychological environment and work field, and establish the countermeasures and suggestions of psychological adjustment and psychological crisis prevention mechanism. Funeral activities are an indispensable part of social operation. The development of funeral industry is inseparable from the efforts of funeral practitioners, so it is very important to pay attention to the mental health of funeral practitioners. The social work of funeral and interment can use its advantage of helping people to intervene in the psychological adjustment of funeral practitioners, and protect the mental health of funeral practitioners.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D632.9;C916

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