后现代语境下的女性主义研究

发布时间：2018-06-03 13:22

本文选题：后现代主义 + 后现代语境　；参考：《西南大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：后现代语境是从20世纪60,70年代开始形成的,抵抗孕育着希望,作为一股极具冲击的力量,后现代主义对于救治现代病,是一剂不可多得的良药。后现代对“齐一性思维”的抵抗,对人类自由的捍卫有助于把我们从“非人”的状态中解放出来,是我们免于做各式各样的机器和动物。女权主义的发展进程随着西方国家进入后工业信息化社会及后现代主义思潮的异军突起,后殖民主义与后现代主义相呼应,针对不合理的社会根源---父权制、男性统治与阶级斗争和种族平等一起,进入了一个新的话语环境。在后现代语境中,女权主义者从后现代主义中找到了与自身主导精神一致的思想,就是后现代主义对传统思想的批判也就是在摧毁“男性中心主义”的思维定式。这为新时期的女权主义反对男性中心主义,消除男女不平等地位以及性别歧视提供了有力的理论支撑。后现代女权主义者在承认女性获得主体地位对于女性权利的争取有着重要影响的同时,也提出了自己的另一种看法,就是在男权统治的社会中,对女性经验和地位的忽视和歪曲,使得女性在长期受压抑的过程中,习惯性的认同男性及社会上对自身的定位,从而丧失了自身的主体精神,而是以男权社会加注在身上的约束和规矩当做是自己的自然本性去服从。后现代女权主义者从这一点出发,认为要改变对男性话语被动接受的局面,一切从女性自身出发,更正和扭转男性话语笼罩下对女性地位和形象的歪曲,对在男权社会中获得的女性主体性地位进行重新审视,从而致力于为女性争取到更真实独立的主体地位。在争取女性主体地位的同时,后现代女权主义者自然也注意到社会的认知中心和知识构成,在女性取得真正真实的主体性地位之前,社会知识的构成、认知主体及对象都是以男性特性为基础的,女性的经验和特质被不知不觉的排除在知识中心的圈外。后现代女权主义者的以上质疑为争取女性全面主体性地位,脱离偏见知识的枷锁,打破男性的单性文化对本应存在的女性文化的封存提供了超越现代女权主义的新视角和检验标准。后现代女权主义者在继承现代女权主义关于争取女性主体地位对女性整体解放有着重要作用的基础上,通过对现代社会文化的调查研究和深入思考,要想从根本上唤醒女性的主体意识尤其是女性自身的主体地位认识,必须明确“女性”在社会和家庭中的概念,后现代女权主义者试图在后现代语境中用后现代主义的一些理论和方式去从根本上建立女性的主体性地位,要建立一种和谐、健全、平权共享的两性关系新模式,使人们能够用性别多元化的视角而不是男性性别统治之下附属的女性性别来看待两性关系。因此,需要唤醒女性的自我意识,总结女性经验,使女性能够认识到并积极争取自身的主体地位,后现代女权主义在不回避两性差异的前提下,致力于构建起真正的女性主体性地位,这是一种有益且有可行性的探索尝试。后现代女权主义者对于劳动阶级、第三世界及有色人种女性受压迫的情况及背景的复杂多样性的关注,使得人们就女性个别与整体的异同有了更客观全面的认识。在后现代语境中,女性主义的发展进入了多元化的进程。已不仅仅是停留在承认生理性别差异并试图在社会性别差异上寻求突破,而是认识到不能一味的强调要在社会性别上塑造男性与女性的平等,现在男性和女性在应享有的基本人权上已经达到了平等,在此我们不应再纠缠于女性由于生育因素等而处于弱势群体地位的问题。由于在争取女性地位和性别解放的过程中,不得不否定和消除固有的“逆来顺受”的女性模式,在追求男女平等地位的道路上甚至出现了女性男性化的倾向,这种种的转变使女性处在不知所措的矛盾和迷茫中,不知究竟到哪里找寻“自我”,这影响了女性健康全面的发展和社会平等的进程。确立女性自身价值、存在地位,使男性和女性在理性中取得相应的平等,促进性别发展和社会的共同进步,是多元化的新女性主义的追求目标。男性与女性的和谐共存,即用和谐替代对立的两性关系是后现代语境中中国女性运动的主流趋势。中国的女性主义一直没有以“女权”的标准来发展,而只是在争取应属于女性的地位和权利。男性与女性在社会中存在就是要寻求整体的发展,能够携手共进的发展,而且在当今社会,不少男性已经认识到女性的地位,对女性有足够的尊重,在这种状况下,融洽相处,共同进步是我们愿意看到的。在后现代语境中,中国女性面对未来未知的发展前景应该要勇敢的突破,超越传统的束缚,在后现代性主张对“主体性”解构的浪潮中,把不知所措化为醒悟的力量去解构过去取得的形式上的女性主体地位并努力重建新的实质上的女性主体地位。
[Abstract]:The post-modern context was formed in the twentieth Century 60,70 years. Resistance is pregnant with hope. As a powerful force, postmodernism is a rare medicine for the treatment of modern diseases. The resistance of the post modernism to the "unity of thought" and the defenders of human freedom help to liberate us from the state of "nonhuman". It is not to do all kinds of machines and animals. The development process of feminism is emerging with the western countries entering the post industrial information society and postmodernism, and post colonialism echoes with postmodernism. It aims at the unreasonable social root - patriarchy, male rule, class struggle and racial equality. In the post-modern context, the feminists have found the thought that is consistent with their own dominant spirit from postmodernism, that is, the criticism of the traditional thought of postmodernism is to destroy the thinking pattern of "male centralism". This is the feminist opposition to the male centralism in the new period. It provides strong theoretical support for eliminating the unequal status of men and women and gender discrimination.
At the same time, the postmodern feminists, recognizing the important influence of women's dominant position on women's rights, also put forward another view, which is the neglect and distortion of women's experience and status in the society dominated by men's power, which makes the women customary to identify with men and society in the long repressed process. At the meeting, the position of itself is lost, and the body spirit is lost, but the restraint and the rules of the male power social annotation are regarded as the natural nature of his own. The female position and image are distorted by sexual discourse, and the female subjectivity gained in the male power society is reexamined, so as to strive for a more true and independent body position for women.
At the same time, the postmodern feminists also pay attention to the cognitive center and the knowledge composition of the society. Before the women get real real subjective status, the constitution of social knowledge, the cognitive subject and the object are based on the male characteristics, and the women's experience and characteristics are unknowingly excluded from the knowledge. Beyond the circle of the center of knowledge, the above modern feminists have questioned the new perspective and test standards that transcend modern feminism and the post modern feminists are inheriting modern feminists. On the basis of the important role of striving for women's main body position to emancipate women as a whole, through the investigation and deep thinking of modern social culture, the concept of "female" in the society and the family must be clearly defined, and the postmodern women must be clearly defined. In the post-modern context, the totalitarianism tries to use some theories and ways of Postmodernism to establish a fundamental position of female subjectivity, to establish a new pattern of gender relations, which is harmonious, sound and shared, so that people can be viewed with a gender pluralism rather than the female sex under the male sex rule. The relationship between the two sexes. Therefore, it is necessary to wake up the self consciousness of women and summarize the experience of women so that women can realize and actively strive for their own main body position. The postmodern feminism is committed to building a true female subjectivity without avoiding the gender differences, which is a useful and feasible exploration attempt. The attention of the feminists to the working class, the situation of the oppression of the third world and the colored women and the complex diversity of the background makes people have a more objective and comprehensive understanding of the differences and similarities between women and the whole.
In the post-modern context, the development of feminism has entered the process of pluralism. It is not only to stay in the recognition of gender differences and to seek breakthroughs in gender differences, but to realize that it is impossible to emphasize the equality between men and women in gender, and that men and women now have the basic people to enjoy. We should not be entangled in the status of women in disadvantaged groups because of their fertility factors. In the process of striving for the status of women and the emancipation of sex, we have to negate and eliminate the inherent "adversity" mode of women, and even appear on the road to the equal status of men and women. The tendency of female masculine, this kind of change makes women in the insensible contradictions and confusion, and does not know where to find the "self", which affects the development of women's health and the process of social equality. It establishes the value and status of women, makes the men and women equal in reason and promotes sex. The common progress of development and society is the goal of pluralistic new feminism.
The harmonious coexistence of male and female is the mainstream trend of Chinese women's movement in the post-modern context. Chinese feminism has not developed with the standard of "feminism", but only strives for the status and rights of women. The existence of male and female in society is to seek the whole In today's society, many men have recognized the status of women and have enough respect for women. In this situation, in this situation, we are willing to see together. In the post modern context, Chinese women should be brave breakthroughs in the future of the future development. In the tide of the deconstruction of "subjectivity", the tradition is bound to deconstruct the status of the female subject in the form of the past and try to reconstruct the new substantive status of the female subject in the wave of the deconstruction of the "subjectivity" in the postmodernism.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：C913.68

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