城镇化进程中日本乡村公共性构建的经验与启示

发布时间：2018-06-20 11:09

本文选题：日本乡村治理 + 乡村公共性　；参考：《华中师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文从日本学术界对于日本农村现状的争论入手,通过对“界限集落论”、“地方消亡论”、“乡村存续论”和“田园回归论”的梳理,得出日本现阶段乡村虽然也面临着老龄化和少子化带来的空心化问题,但是日本乡村却具有强韧性并在有序运行这一结论。而这种强韧性则来源于村民们对于乡村的认同感和自豪感,与乡村内生基础息息相关。通过对乡村内生基础的历史追溯,发现日本乡村曾经存在乡村自治传统、集团主义和氏神信仰带来的公共关系发达这一状况,并对日本乡村治理产生了深远影响。而城镇化进程中日本正是依托自治传统、集团主义和氏神信仰这些具有公共性因素的乡村内生基础作为公共性构建的内生力量,通过农协组织力量和地方自治制度机制的建设为乡村公共性重构提供了外在条件和驱动方式,有效激活了乡村内生力量进行公共性构建以保证乡村有序运转。日本乡村公共性重构中利用乡村本土资源、建立将农民个体组织起来的农协、通过地方自治制度机制激发居民参与公共事务的热情以及国家力量在乡村公共性建构中的主导作用,这些经验对于我国公共性日渐消解的乡村有着重要的借鉴意义,同时也要清楚地认识到不管是农协的组建还是地方自治制度机制的推行,之所以能够实现制度和政策设计者构建乡村公共性的目的,与乡村内生基础也就是制度和政策繁衍的土壤的支撑有着不可分割的联系,这也启示我们,除了借鉴乡村公共性构建的技术性和制度性因素,让国家力量以适当的方式介入乡村,通过基层政府建立村集体在村落的权威以整合和团结乡村力量,建立全国性的农业合作组织网络将农民个体组织起来抵御市场风险之外,更要认清我国乡村治理的实际状况,孕育和利用好本土资源。
[Abstract]:This paper begins with the argument in the Japanese academic circles about the present situation of the Japanese countryside, and combs the theory of bound cluster, the theory of local extinction, the theory of rural existence and the theory of idyllic regression. It is concluded that the Japanese villages are facing the hollowing problems of aging and minority children at present, but the Japanese villages are strong and resilient and running in an orderly way. This toughness comes from the villagers' sense of identity and pride, and is closely related to the rural endogenous foundation. By tracing back to the history of rural endogenetic foundation, it is found that there existed in the Japanese countryside the tradition of village autonomy, the development of public relations brought about by collectivism and the belief of the Gods, and it had a profound influence on the governance of Japanese villages. In the process of urbanization, Japan is relying on the tradition of autonomy, collectivism and the belief of the Gods as the endogenous basis of public factors as the endogenous strength of public construction. Through the construction of the organization strength of peasant association and the mechanism of local autonomy system, it provides external conditions and driving ways for the reconstruction of rural publicity, and effectively activates the rural endogenous forces to construct the publicity to ensure the orderly operation of the countryside. In the reconstruction of rural publicity in Japan, the farmers' association, which organized the individual farmers, was established by using the rural local resources. Through the mechanism of local autonomy system to stimulate the enthusiasm of residents to participate in public affairs and the leading role of national forces in the construction of rural publicity, these experiences have important reference significance for the countryside where the public nature of our country is gradually dispelled. At the same time, it is also necessary to clearly realize that whether it is the establishment of the peasant association or the implementation of the mechanism of local autonomy, it is possible to achieve the purpose of establishing the public nature of the rural areas by the institutional and policy designers. It is inextricably related to the support of the rural endogenous foundation, that is, the soil for the reproduction of institutions and policies. This also enlightens us, in addition to drawing lessons from the technical and institutional factors of rural public construction. Let the national forces intervene in the villages in an appropriate way, establish the authority of the village collectives in the villages through the grass-roots government to integrate and unite the rural forces, and set up a national network of agricultural cooperative organizations to organize the individual farmers to resist the market risks. It is necessary to recognize the actual situation of rural governance in China, breed and make good use of local resources.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C912.82

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