反思社会科学研究中的分析性思维

发布时间：2018-06-24 20:54

本文选题：社会科学研究 + 分析性思维　；参考：《长白学刊》2015年06期

【摘要】：科学是有着历史性的,或者说,科学以什么形式出现是根源于特定历史条件下的社会实践要求的,是包含着服务于特定历史条件下的社会实践的合目的性的。福柯认为,现代科学发源于18世纪末和19世纪初,包含着分析性思维,我们既已拥有的世界就是由现代科学所建构起来的,体现了分析性思维,也反过来证明了分析性思维的合理性。社会科学与科学的整体面貌是一致的,它的大量工作都耽于这个由现代科学所建构起来的世界之中进行循环论证,特别是在把理性解读为工具理性和技术理性之后,既要求科学研究及其成果具有合目的性,又要求社会建构具有合理性,而且也在实证研究方法的应用中充分地反映出了这些要求。但是,20世纪后期以来,人类进入了向后工业社会转型的时期,生成于工业社会的这一包含着和反映着分析性思维的科学不再具有合目的性了,从而意味着根据后工业社会的需要而进行科学建构的任务必须被承担起来。
[Abstract]:Science is historic. In other words, the form in which science appears is rooted in the social practice requirements under specific historical conditions, and it contains the purposeful nature of social practice serving the specific historical conditions. Foucault believes that modern science originated in the late 18th and early 19th centuries and contains analytical thinking. The world we already have is constructed by modern science and embodies analytical thinking. In turn, it proves the rationality of analytical thinking. The whole face of social science and science is the same, and much of its work is focused on circular argument in a world constructed by modern science, especially after interpreting reason as instrumental rationality and technical rationality. Both the scientific research and its achievements are required to be purposeful and the social construction is required to be reasonable, and these requirements are fully reflected in the application of empirical research methods. However, since the late 20th century, mankind has entered a period of transition to a post-industrial society, and this science, which contains and reflects analytical thinking, is no longer purposeful. This means that the task of scientific construction according to the needs of post-industrial society must be taken up.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学公共管理学院;
【基金】：中国人民大学科学研究基金项目重大基础研究计划“通过服务型政府建设去完善社会治理体系”(12XNL003)资助研究
【分类号】：C03

【共引文献】