90后大学生对父辈养老方式选择的认识研究

发布时间：2018-06-28 21:56

本文选题：大学生 + 养老方式　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随人口老龄化趋势的加深,我国在未来一段时间将要面临严峻的养老形势。受计划生育政策成长起来的90后一代,他们不同于多子多孙的50、60、70后,长辈的养老问题可以由兄弟姐妹均担,少子化使得90后一代在未来的十年、二十年的时间里将要抚养的老年人数增多,养老压力增大。与此同时,人口老龄化的加剧、出生率的降低、生育观念的变迁以及家庭结构的变化,这些都促使现代人转变养老观念,作出合理的选择。由于机构养老缺乏严格的规范和规模,可承载的养老人数有限。家庭的养老功能受家庭规模的缩小、代际重心的下移和家庭人口流动的影响而弱化。居家养老等新型养老方式对于解决养老需求增多,供给少的现状有独特的贡献,正在被国家大力倡导。本文首先从宏观上对我国现阶段的养老情况和理论基础进行梳理,然后在微观上以90后大学生为研究对象,对父辈养老方式选择的现状及影响因素进行分析和整理,对具有重要影响的家庭代际关系这一因素对影响养老方式的选择做分析研究。本文以90后大学生为目标群体,主要通过对云南昆明呈贡大学城的两所高校进行实证调查,通过问卷调查的形式,探讨性别、户籍、民族、等基本变量对父辈养老方式选择的看法以及家庭代际关系现状并进行差异性、相关性和回归分析等方式进行比较分析。研究结果表明,大学生在年龄、户籍、性别、独生子女否、父母文化程度、家庭月收入、家庭结构、父母婚姻状况等自变量对于养老方式的选择并无显著影响,大多数依然选择家庭养老,对居家养老等新型养老方式知之甚少。在家庭代际关系方面,存在着与父母沟通次数少,对父母的需求关心较少等不利于代际和谐的因素。在人口老龄化加剧的当今社会,针对90后大学生所反映出来的养老意识淡薄、养老方式选择单一、以及传统美德遗失等问题,本论文在如何培育90后积极的养老责任感、如何构建社会化的养老体系、以及政府如何加强宏观调控这三个方面提出具体对策。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of population aging trend, China will face a severe pension situation in the future. The post-90s generation, which has grown up by the family planning policy, is different from the 50,600-70 generation with many children and grandchildren. The problem of the elderly can be borne by brothers and sisters alike. The minority children will make the post-90s generation in the next 10 years. In 20 years, the number of old people to be raised will increase, and the pressure of old age will increase. At the same time, the aggravation of the aging population, the decrease of birth rate, the change of fertility concept and the change of family structure all urge modern people to change the concept of old-age support and make a reasonable choice. Due to the lack of strict standards and scale of institutional pension, the number of people who can support the aged is limited. Family pension function is weakened by the reduction of family size, the decrease of intergenerational center of gravity and the mobility of family population. Family pension and other new forms of old-age support have a unique contribution to solve the increasing demand for the aged and less supply, and are being strongly advocated by the state. This paper firstly combs the present situation and theoretical basis of the old-age support in China, and then analyzes and arranges the status quo and the influencing factors of the choice of the father's old-age mode, taking the post-90s college students as the research object. This paper analyzes the influence of family intergenerational relationship on the choice of pension style. This article takes the post-90s college students as the target group, mainly through the empirical investigation of two universities in Chenggong University City, Kunming, Yunnan Province, and through the form of questionnaire, discusses the gender, household registration, nationality, etc. The author makes a comparative analysis of the views on the choice of parents' pension style and the current situation of family intergenerational relationship, such as difference, correlation and regression analysis. The results show that the independent variables such as age, household registration, gender, only child, parents' education, family income, family structure and parents' marital status have no significant influence on the choice of pension. Most still choose family pension, and little is known about new pension methods such as home pension. In the aspect of family intergenerational relations, there are some factors which are not conducive to intergenerational harmony, such as less communication with parents and less concern for parents' needs. In the society where the aging of the population intensifies, aiming at the problems such as the weak sense of the aged reflected by the post-90s college students, the singleness of the old-age way, and the loss of the traditional virtue, this paper focuses on how to cultivate the post-90s positive sense of responsibility for the aged. How to build a socialized pension system and how to strengthen macro-control are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C913.6

【参考文献】