流动与固化:我国代际职业地位传递分析

发布时间：2018-06-29 22:31

本文选题：职业地位 + 代际间传递　；参考：《当代财经》2017年02期

【摘要】：利用CFPS 2010年数据,着重检验了父母职业地位对子女职业的直接影响。在数据处理方面,为了得到系数及标准误的无偏估计,对于抽样数据的缺失值,采用了贝叶斯多重插值法对因变量与自变量进行填补。在统计模型选取方面,利用OLS、工具变量法及两阶段最小二乘法(2SLS)对估计偏倚进行校正。为了选择最优权重矩阵,采用广义矩估计(GMM)及迭代矩估计(IGMM)来检验各因素特别是父亲职业对子女职业效应的直接影响及地区差异。为了避免样本选择带来的估计偏倚,引入Heckman选择模型对工具变量法及广义矩估计等模型的估计结果进行稳健性检验。研究发现父辈职业地位高的,其子女的职业地位也相应高,这从程序上说明我国阶层固化作用的存在。通过Heckman选择模型,研究还新发现父亲职业地位对子女选择某职业与否以及对子女现有职业的发展都有显著影响。此外,这种影响也表现为地域差异,经济水平越发达或文化越开放,父亲职业的影响力就越强;但个体受教育程度是影响其职业地位的主导因素。
[Abstract]:Based on CFPS data in 2010, the direct influence of parents' professional status on children's occupation was examined. In the aspect of data processing, in order to obtain the unbiased estimation of coefficients and standard errors, Bayesian multiple interpolation method is used to fill in the dependent variables and independent variables for the missing values of the sampling data. In the selection of statistical model, OLS, tool variable method and two-stage least square method (2SLS) are used to correct the bias of estimation. In order to select the optimal weight matrix, generalized moment estimation (GMM) and iterative moment estimation (IGMM) are used to test the direct influence of various factors, especially the father's occupation, on children's occupational effects and regional differences. In order to avoid the estimation bias caused by sample selection, the Heckman selection model is introduced to test the robustness of the estimation results of the tool variable method and the generalized moment estimation. It is found that the professional status of parents is higher than that of their children, which indicates the existence of the role of class solidification in our country. Through the Heckman selection model, it is also found that the father's professional status has a significant influence on the children's choice of a certain occupation or not, as well as on the development of the children's existing occupation. In addition, this kind of influence also shows the regional difference. The more developed the economic level or the more open the culture, the stronger the influence of the father's occupation, but the individual's education level is the dominant factor which affects his occupation status.
【作者单位】：北京大学中国教育财政科学研究所;中央财经大学社会与心理学院;
【分类号】：C913.2

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