中国农村聚落的空间格局及其宏观影响因子

发布时间：2018-07-06 18:33

本文选题：最近邻体距离 + 泰森多边形　；参考：《生态学杂志》2017年05期

【摘要】：农村聚落的空间格局可以反映农业社会中人类利用土地资源的空间分割方式。本文在全国尺度上进行系统采样,利用高分辨率遥感影像提取我国东部农村聚落信息,通过空间分析和多元回归定量研究了宏观尺度上自然环境因子和社会经济因子与农村聚落空间结构特征的关系。结果表明:聚落密度、聚落间最近邻体距离以及基于聚落点生成的泰森多边形等聚落格局特征与气候、地形等宏观环境变量具有显著的关联关系;聚落密度主要受地形要素的限制,水热通量较高、地形复杂的地理区域,聚落间对土地资源的空间分割倾向于表现出较小的空间单元,同时分割的空间异质性相应升高;总体上,农村聚落的空间结构受到土地资源供给量与土地利用的难易程度(地形限制)共同影响,这一定程度上反映了宏观尺度上的人地关系。本文研究内容有助于在宏观尺度上理解农村聚落的空间分布特征,并对当前新农村建设具有参考价值。
[Abstract]:The spatial pattern of rural settlements can reflect the spatial division of land resources used by human beings in agricultural society. In this paper, the information of rural settlements in the eastern part of China is extracted from high resolution remote sensing images by systematic sampling on the national scale. Based on spatial analysis and multivariate regression, the relationship between natural environment factors, social economic factors and the spatial structure of rural settlements was studied quantitatively. The results show that the settlement pattern features, such as settlement density, nearest neighbor distance between settlements and Tyson polygon based on settlement point, have significant correlation with climate, topography and other macroscopical environmental variables. The density of settlements is mainly restricted by topographic factors, the water and heat fluxes are high, the geographical areas with complex topography, the spatial division of land resources between settlements tends to show smaller spatial units, and the spatial heterogeneity of the segmentation increases accordingly. As a whole, the spatial structure of rural settlements is influenced by the supply of land resources and the difficulty (terrain limitation) of land use, which reflects the relationship between man and land on macro scale to some extent. The content of this paper is helpful to understand the spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements on macro scale and has reference value for the construction of new countryside.
【作者单位】：南京大学生命科学学院;中国科学院城市环境研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41271197) 中国科学院大学生创新实践训练计划资助
【分类号】：C912.82;TU982.29

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