农民工市民化进程中的人本关怀问题研究

发布时间：2018-07-07 09:50

本文选题：农民工 + 市民化　；参考：《北京交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国城镇化进程的不断加快,城市数量和人口数量逐步增加,城市空间不断扩张。千千万万的农民从农村来到城市工作、生活。他们在为城市添砖加瓦的同时,如何融入城市顺利成为一名市民即农民工市民化却成了一道难题。长期以来,农民工市民化仅仅被看作农民工迁移到城市、城镇人口增加、城市规模扩大的过程。这种重物轻人的错误观念,使得农民工只被看作哪里需要就往哪里安的、依附于经济建设的“螺丝钉”,而不是独立存在的、有自身发展需求的现实的人。同时,由于“城市的总是优于乡村的”的理论假设的存在,农民工在城市里受到政策制定者、城市管理者和城市市民的不同程度的漠视和排斥,农民工市民化问题也被简单化为户籍身份改变的问题。然而事实证明,农民户籍身份的改变并不能够直接带来与城市的融合,成为一名“户口簿上的”现代市民也并非农民工市民化的价值归宿。城镇化战略的考量说到底是与数量庞大的农民的最终出路紧密联系在一起的。农民工市民化究竟要化什么?如何顺利实现农民工的市民化?以上问题要得到根本解决,需要探索该问题背后的理论根源,探讨农民工市民化的实质。本文认为,农民工市民化归根到底是人的发展问题。马克思主义人学对人的存在、本质、需要、发展等做了系统而深刻的解读。它的逻辑起点是“处于一定社会关系中的从事实践活动的现实的个人”,它的思想核心是人的本质,它的价值归宿是人的自由全面的发展。马克思主义人学从以上三方面深刻揭示了历史进程中人的生存和发展的基本规律。农民工市民化是建立在人的发展意义上的农民工自我完善的过程。因此,马克思主义人学理应成为本问题的理论根源。基于以上理论,本文认为,农民工市民化不是简单的以市民的特征为标准进行改变的过程,而是以促进农民工自由全面发展为出发点、探索他们与城市融合的真正需求并通过人本关怀促进其融合的过程。在这个过程中,应该着重分析农民工现有的积极因素与消极因素,在市民化进程中充分保留和发扬积极因素,克服和改变消极因素,实现和城市的更好融合。基于以上分析,当前农民工市民化应该以马克思主义人学为理论根基,以促进人的自由全面的发展为最终目标,坚持以人为本这一根本原则,从社会制度因素和农民工自身因素两方面入手,从观念转变、制度创新、素质培训、主体意识提升的角度对其进行人本关怀,以促进农民工素质得到整体提升和全面发展,进而推动农民工市民化进程的发展。
[Abstract]:With the development of urbanization in China, the number of cities and population is increasing, and the urban space is expanding. Thousands of farmers come from the countryside to work and live in cities. At the same time, how to integrate into the city and become a citizen, that is, migrant workers, has become a difficult problem. For a long time, the urbanization of migrant workers is only regarded as the process of migration of migrant workers to cities, the increase of urban population and the expansion of urban scale. This misconception of heavy goods and light people makes migrant workers only be regarded as the "screw" of economic construction, but not as independent and realistic people with their own development needs, depending on the "screw" of economic construction. At the same time, due to the existence of the hypothesis that "the urban is always superior to the rural", migrant workers in the city are ignored and rejected by the policy makers, city managers and urban citizens to varying degrees. The issue of migrant workers'citizenship has also been simplified as the issue of the change of household registration status. However, it has been proved that the change of the peasant's household registration status can not bring about the integration with the city directly, and become a "hukou book" modern citizen is not the value home of the peasant laborer's citizenship. The strategy of urbanization is, in the final analysis, closely linked to the final outlet of a large number of farmers. What on earth is the urbanization of migrant workers? How to realize the citizen of peasant workers smoothly? In order to solve the above problem, we should explore the theoretical root behind the problem and discuss the essence of peasant laborer citizenship. This article thinks, peasant laborer citizen turns out to be human development problem in the final analysis. Marxist anthropology has made a systematic and profound interpretation of the existence, essence, needs and development of human beings. Its logical starting point is "a realistic individual engaged in practical activities in certain social relations". Its core of thought is the essence of human beings, and its value is the free and all-round development of human beings. Marxist anthropology reveals the basic laws of human existence and development in the historical process from the above three aspects. The urbanization of migrant workers is the process of self-perfection of migrant workers in the sense of human development. Therefore, Marxist humanism should be the theoretical root of this problem. Based on the above theory, this paper holds that the urbanization of migrant workers is not a simple process of changing the characteristics of citizens, but rather to promote the free and comprehensive development of migrant workers as the starting point. Explore the real needs of their integration with the city and promote the process of integration through humanistic care. In this process, we should focus on the analysis of the existing positive and negative factors of migrant workers, fully retain and carry forward the positive factors in the process of citizenship, overcome and change the negative factors, and achieve better integration with the city. Based on the above analysis, the current urbanization of migrant workers should take Marxist humanism as the theoretical foundation, promote the free and comprehensive development of human beings as the ultimate goal, and adhere to the fundamental principle of people-oriented. From two aspects of social system factors and migrant workers' own factors, from the point of view of concept change, system innovation, quality training and subject consciousness promotion, the author gives humanistic care to migrant workers, in order to promote the overall improvement and overall development of migrant workers' quality. And then promote the development of migrant workers citizenship process.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.6;C912.1

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