统计数据生产效能研究

发布时间：2018-07-20 19:38

【摘要】：统计数据生产效能研究,是运用成本收益分析方法对各数据生产方法与过程进行评估,寻求其中成本投入最少、数据产出收益最佳的方法。就是在统计生产费用的控制与所得数据的质量之间取得最优的平衡点,以最小的数据生产成本得到令人满意的数据质量——相对数据质量最优。因此,统计数据生产效能研究的主要内容是,在统计数据生产方法与过程的基础上,将统计数据的经济特性和成本收益分析方法(CBA)理论相结合,来讨论政府综合部门统计的统计数据生产效能问题。而在本文的统计数据生产效能研究中,为这些数据生产的成本和收益的估算、效能的分析都给出了相应的分析方法。首先从我国统计数据加工生产的实践角度出发,给出我国统计数据生产效能的定义,也对数据生产过程中的成本及收益进行界定和分解。统计数据生产投入成本就是指一定的统计数据生产过程中的各种资源占用和耗费,机会选择的损失,以及其他因数据生产行为而引起的社会和经济的代价。总的数据生产成本就取决于需参与生产的机构数量和每个统计数据“生产者”因生产数据而增加的负担。而统计数据生产效能所研究的统计数据产出收益,是数据“消费者”从统计数据产出中所能获得的收益,是数据生产后所取得的有效成果。这些成果一般来说会有许多方面的用处,在帮助制定相关政策和市场社会稳定的同时,也有助于了解行业、地区或国家各个方面的行为。对收益的评价具体包括：所需要的数据质量目标的达到或趋近程度；数据“消费者”对所获得数据结果的满意程度；该数据对社会各种现象的解释程度等各种与之相关的经济性和非经济性、价值和非价值的积极影响与结果。然后研究如何在我国统计数据生产中引入成本收益分析方法,探索研究适应我国统计国情的成本关系模型和收益评估工具。文中第三部分详细分析了统计数据生产成本的影响因素,以及这些因素对成本数值计算所带来的变化关系,给出各类数据生产的投入成本与标准数据生产成本之间的数量与比例关系。而第四部分则说明了统计数据产出收益的组成部分以及评估方法,给出了具体的收益评估评分表,并进一步讲解了如何使用收益评估工具、具体分值的确定方法以及使用注意事项。尽管对生产过程中的绝对成本数值和收益具体量化的估算的确是较难实现的,但对其成本的核算与收益分数的估算在文章中已被论证是可能实现的。最后在成本核算、收益估算等内容的基础上,建立用于测算统计生产效能的研究分析框架。试图通过构建的框架来探究如何提升我国统计数据的经济性、如何增强我国统计数据生产的效能,以实现我国统计数据相对质量的提高。统计数据生产效能研究应用的核心目标,就是把文中给出的供实际参考的成本关系模型、收益评估工具和效能分析框架作为一个部分,通过调研确定各因素对成本影响的倍数以及各收益的实际应评分数后,将其运用到统计数据生产方法与步骤的效能分析之中,来观察这些生产方法和步骤是否满足效能最优,若不满足则继续寻求收益和成本之间更好的平衡。追求的是统计数据产出的相对质量最优,而非忽视成本的投入数量而一味的追求更高质量的统计数据。统计数据生产效能是一个动态的框架,其中的成本收益分析的工具和方法也需要随着依据和信息的变化而同步或定期更新。随着效能研究的实施和时间的推移,统计数据生产效能分析框架应有助于当所有统计数据生产会对“生产者”形成较大的成本投入负担时,数据“生产者”会更多的将他们的数据生产产出偏向于对“消费者”最为重要的那部分数据。通过效能研究将数据“生产者”与“消费者”的相连接,来影响数据生产方式(报表)、生产内容与范围(统计面板)、数据生产来源(收集或估计)等,在生产满足数据“消费者”需求的数据同时,降低数据“生产者”的投入成本,以尽可能地解决类似于数据质量越高则投入成本越大的矛盾,寻求令双方都满意的平衡点。在这一点上,统计数据生产的效能最优,统计数据产出的相对质量也最高。本文的研究目标是提高我国的相对统计数据质量。创新点在于：提出了统计数据生产效能与相对数据质量的概念；是国内首篇将统计数据生产效能与成本收益分析法相结合的专题研究。是对国家综合部门统计数据生产的效能研究,通过对统计数据生产中投入成本和产出收益的比较,来评价统计数据的生产效能的高低,寻求最高的相对数据质量。而效能研究的难点则包括以下两个方面：一是如何对相对投入成本和产出收益进行界定和分解,这是效能分析的微观基础；二是模型和评估工具的确定,而如何对分解后的成本收益各要素进行量化和加权,这对所推算的模型及所确定的评估工具成功与否起决定性作用。具体的研究思路是遵循“理论研究——模型工具构建——实例分析——前景展望”将正文共分为六章。第一章为引论部分,主要介绍国内外有关统计数据生产效能的研究现状；第二章,从一般统计数据生产中所涉及的成本和收益的相关概念出发,依据国内外相关的标准与定义,界定统计数据生产过程中成本与收益的结构体系和内容,主要包括统计数据生产成本和收益影响因素的分解与分析。第三、四章,集中讨论统计数据生产过程中成本收益的核算评估,结合成本收益分析理论和统计数据生产过程,借鉴国外相关研究得到统计数据生产的投入成本与产出效益的估算工具。第五章,根据前文建立起的投入成本与产出效益估算工具,结合统计数据生产体系,汇总得到成本收益综合评估框架,探讨我国统计数据生产效能评估框架的运行,并通过国外应用实例来说明该效能分析方法的可行性。最后一章,论述我国统计数据生产中效能研究的成果及其可能遇到的困难及解决出路,讨论未来可能进行进一步研究的方向。欧美各国统计机构已经将成本收益方法成功应用于统计工作中,范围上也在逐步扩大。而我国尚没有在统计工作中具体运用成本收益分析核算效能的先例。目前,我国对统计数据生产效能研究才刚刚开始,尤其是当前的相关研究所提出视角往往集中于成本方,对包含成本收益两方面的综合研究相当匮乏,还需要对其进行更深入、更细致的研究。因此,我国与国际统计效能的应用现状还存在较大的差距,将统计数据生产效能研究在我国具体数据生产过程中实施还需要有一段距离。但是,该研究在其他国家的实施应用,为日后对我国统计数据生产的效能评估的应用提供了借鉴和参考依据。在尽量避免我国统计数据生产效能研究走弯路的同时,也为进一步与国际统计研究接轨和我国统计数据生产效能的成本收益分析框架的完善给出相应的建议。本文期望通过对数据生产效能的研究,来进一步丰富我国统计数据质量管理体系的内容；通过引入统计数据相对质量概念,来进一步完善我国统计数据的全面质量管理；为提高我国统计数据生产效能以求得统计成本收益间最优平衡点,提供又一科学而又合理的评价方法。如果说,准确性、及时性、可获得性等这些统计数据质量要素是从受益方来对数据进行最终评价,可理解为“绝对质量”,那么成本收益视角则提出的“相对质量”的概念。在科学发展观指引下,这一更加体现效能的概念将在实际应用中更具指导意义。
[Abstract]:The study of statistical data production efficiency is to evaluate the methods and processes of each data production by means of cost-benefit analysis. The method of seeking the least cost input and the best yield of data output is to obtain the optimal balance point between the control of statistical production cost and the quality of the obtained data, with the minimum cost of data production. To the satisfactory data quality - the relative data quality is optimal. Therefore, the main content of the research on statistical data production efficiency is to combine the economic characteristics of statistical data with the CBA theory on the basis of the statistical data production method and process to discuss the statistical data production of the statistics of the government's comprehensive department. In the study of the efficiency of statistical data in this paper, the corresponding analysis methods are given for the estimation of the cost and income of these data production and the analysis of efficiency.
Starting from the practice of statistical data processing and production in China, the definition of the production efficiency of statistical data in China is given, and the cost and income in the process of data production are defined and decomposed. The cost of statistical data production refers to the consumption and consumption of various resources and the loss of opportunity selection in the production process of statistical data. Loss, and other social and economic costs caused by the production of data. The total cost of data production depends on the number of institutions required to participate in production and the burden on the increase in production data for each statistical data "producer". The output of data produced by statistical data production efficiency is the data "consumer". The benefits obtained from the output of statistical data are effective results after the production of data. These results generally have many aspects of use to help formulate relevant policies and market social stability, as well as to understand the behavior of the industry, the region or the country in all aspects. The extent to which the required data quality targets are reached or reached; the degree of satisfaction of the data "consumers" to the results of the data obtained; the extent to which the data is explained to various social phenomena, such as the economic and non economic, value and non value effects associated with it.
Then we study how to introduce the cost and benefit analysis method in our country's statistical data production and explore the cost relation model and the income assessment tool which adapts to the national statistical conditions of our country. The third part of this paper analyzes the influencing factors of the cost of the statistical data production, and the change relation of these factors to the cost calculation. The relationship between the amount and proportion of the input cost of various data production and the production cost of standard data is given. The fourth part illustrates the components and evaluation methods of the output income of the statistical data, gives the specific income assessment score table, and further explains how to make the use of the income assessment tool and the specific value of the determination method. And use attention. Although the estimation of the absolute cost value and the yield specific quantification in the production process is difficult to realize, the calculation of its cost and the estimation of the income score have been demonstrated in the article.
Finally, on the basis of the content of cost accounting and income estimation, the research and analysis framework used to calculate the statistical production efficiency is set up. Through the framework of the construction, we try to explore how to improve the economy of China's statistical data and how to enhance the efficiency of our country's statistical data production so as to improve the relative quality of our statistical data. According to the core objective of the research and application of production efficiency, the cost relation model provided for actual reference, the benefit assessment tool and the effectiveness analysis framework are used as a part. After investigating the multiple factors affecting the cost and the actual evaluation scores of each income, it is applied to the statistical data production methods and steps. In a sudden effectiveness analysis, we observe whether these production methods and steps meet the optimal efficiency, and continue to seek a better balance between income and cost if they are not satisfied. The pursuit of the relative quality of the output of statistical data is not to ignore the amount of cost and the pursuit of higher quality statistics.
Statistical data production efficiency is a dynamic framework in which the tools and methods of cost-benefit analysis also need to be synchronously or regularly updated as the basis and information change. With the implementation of effectiveness research and the lapse of time, the statistical data production effectiveness analysis framework should help to make all statistical data production to "producers" "Producers" are more likely to bias their data production output to the most important part of the "consumer". Through the effectiveness study, the data "producer" and "consumer" are connected to the data production methods (reports), production content and scope (Statistics). Panel), data production sources (collection or estimation), etc., in the production of data to meet the data "consumer" demand, reduce the input cost of the data "producer", in order to solve the contradiction similar to the higher the quality of the data, the greater the cost of input, to seek the balance between the two parties. At this point, the production of statistics. The efficiency is the best and the relative quality of data output is the highest.
The aim of this paper is to improve the quality of relative statistical data in China. The innovation point is that the concept of statistical data production efficiency and relative data quality is put forward. It is the first study in China to combine the efficiency of statistical data production with the cost-benefit analysis method. By comparing the cost of input and output in the production of statistical data to evaluate the production efficiency of statistical data, the highest relative data quality is sought, and the difficulties of efficiency research include the following two aspects: one is how to define and decompose the relative input cost and output income, which is the microcosmic of efficiency analysis. The two is the determination of the model and evaluation tool, and how to quantify and weigh the factors of the decomposed cost and benefit, which plays a decisive role in the calculation of the model and the determination of the assessment tools.
The specific research idea is to divide the text into six chapters following "theoretical research - model tool construction - Example Analysis - prospect". The first chapter is the introduction part, mainly introducing the status of research on the production efficiency of statistical data at home and abroad, and the second chapter, from the cost and benefit involved in the general integration of data production. On the basis of relevant concepts, according to the relevant standards and definitions at home and abroad, the structure and content of the cost and income in the process of statistical data production are defined, including the decomposition and analysis of the factors affecting the production cost and income of statistical data. The third, fourth chapter focuses on the evaluation and synthesis of the cost and income in the production process of statistical data. This income analysis theory and the statistical data production process, draw lessons from foreign related research to get the estimation tool of the cost and output benefit of the statistical data production. The fifth chapter, according to the tool of estimating the cost and output benefit established in the previous article, combined with the statistical data production system, summarizes the comprehensive evaluation framework of the cost and income. The operation of the evaluation framework for statistical data production efficiency in China is carried out, and the feasibility of the effectiveness analysis method is illustrated by the application examples abroad. In the last chapter, the results of the effectiveness research in the statistical data production in China and the possible difficulties and solutions are discussed, and the direction for further research can be discussed in the future.
The statistical agencies of European and American countries have successfully applied the cost and benefit methods to the statistical work and are gradually expanding in the scope of statistics. However, our country has not yet used the precedent of the cost-benefit analysis in the statistical work. At present, the research on the efficiency of statistical data has just started, especially in the current related research. The angle of view is often concentrated on the cost side, and the comprehensive research on the two aspects of the cost and benefit is very scarce, and it needs to be more thorough and more detailed. Therefore, there is a big gap between China and the application of international statistical efficiency. It is necessary to carry out the Research on the efficiency of statistical data production in the process of concrete data production in China. There is a distance. However, the application of this research in other countries provides reference and reference for the application of statistical data production effectiveness evaluation in our country. At the same time, to avoid the curve of the research on the efficiency of statistical data in our country as far as possible, and to further integrate with the International Statistical Research and the efficiency of our country's statistical data production. The cost benefit analysis framework is improved and corresponding suggestions are given.
This article hopes to further enrich the content of our country's statistical data quality management system through the research on the efficiency of data production. By introducing the concept of relative quality of statistical data to further improve the total quality management of statistical data in our country, and to improve the efficiency of statistical data production in order to obtain the optimal balance between statistical cost and income. If it is said, the quality factors such as accuracy, timeliness and availability are the final evaluation of the data from the beneficiaries, which can be understood as "absolute quality", then the concept of "relative quality" proposed by the cost-benefit perspective. Under the guidance of Scientific Outlook on Development, this is the concept of "relative quality". First, the concept of more effective performance will be more instructive in practical application.
【学位授予单位】：西南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：C829.2;F224

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