社会工作视角下对自闭症儿童家庭社会支持网络的研究
发布时间：2018-07-26 15:14
【摘要】：自闭症是一种因神经系统失调导致的广泛性发育障碍,主要表现在交往障碍、交流障碍、兴趣和活动的局限、智力发育障碍等,病因至今未明,自闭症儿童就像是星星的孩子。由于现实原因,他们长期处于边缘角落成为特殊人群,在自闭症儿童长期的康复路上,高昂的费用和长期巨大的精神压力,给自闭症儿童家庭带来了平常家庭无法想象的痛苦和煎熬,让他们在社会中处于被动地位,给他们贴上特殊群体的标签。目前我国很多研究都是以自闭症儿童的康复治疗和现实状况作为研究视角,主要集中于自闭症儿童本身,而对自闭症儿童家庭的研究不多,他们的社会支持网络存在不同程度的断层或者缺乏,尤其在边疆地区,因为各种客观条件的制约,自闭症儿童家庭的社会支持网络资源不足。笔者在新疆乌鲁木齐市Y机构进行专业实习期间,在实习过程中与自闭症儿童家庭照顾者建立友好信任的关系,在此关系建立的基础上,选取10例自闭症儿童家庭作为研究对象,主要通过访谈法、观察法及行动研究法,对自闭症儿童的照顾者进行深入访谈,发现自闭症儿童照顾者在照顾自闭症儿童过程中遇到很多困难,其中主要包括经济层面,教育资源层面,心理层面,家庭关系和社会政策层面以及社会交往等方面的问题,然后笔者运用社会支持理论和生态系统理论分析照顾者及其整个家庭在照顾过程中现有的各种支持及他们对社会支持的感受。通过前期的深入观察和访谈了解,分析服务对象的问题和社会支持网络的不充分而带来的多重压力,笔者尝试以社会工作视角下社会工作介入到自闭症儿童家庭的专业方法,开展自闭症儿童照顾者的小组工作和个案工作方法,在小组互助过程和后期个案跟进服务中,帮助他们解决生活上的实际问题,链接和完善自闭症儿童家庭原有的社会支持网络,以构建自闭症儿童家庭社会支持网络。
[Abstract]:Autism is a kind of widespread developmental disorder caused by nervous system disorder, mainly manifested in communication disorders, communication disorders, limitations of interest and activity, mental retardation, and so on. The cause of the disease is not clear, autistic children are like star children. Because of practical reasons, they have long been in the edge corner to become special people, in autism The long-term rehabilitation road of children, high cost and long-term great mental pressure have brought unimaginable pain and suffering to the families of autistic children, and let them be in a passive position in society and label them with special groups. Many studies in China are now treated with the rehabilitation and reality of autistic children. As a research perspective, it mainly concentrates on autistic children themselves, but there are few studies on autistic children's families. Their social support network has different faults or deficiencies, especially in the border areas. Because of the constraints of various objective conditions, the social support network resources of autistic children are insufficient. The author is in Xinjiang. In the course of professional practice, the Y organization of Urumqi city established a friendly trust relationship with family caregivers of autistic children during the process of practice. On the basis of this relationship, 10 families of autistic children were selected as the research object, mainly through interview, observation and action research, and the caregivers of autistic children were deeply studied. In the interview, we found that the caregivers of autistic children encountered many difficulties in the process of caring for autistic children, including economic, educational, psychological, family and social policy and social interaction. Then the author used the social support theory and the ecosystem theory to analyze the caregivers. All the support and their feelings about social support in the process of caring for the whole family. Through in-depth observation and interviews in the earlier period, the problems of the service objects and the multiple pressures of the inadequate social support network are analyzed. The author tries to intervene in the family of children with autism by social work. Professional methods, group work and case work methods for autistic children caregivers, in group assistance process and later case follow-up service, to help them solve practical problems in life, link and improve the original social support network for autistic children, in order to build the social support network for autistic children.
【学位授予单位】：新疆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C916
[Abstract]:Autism is a kind of widespread developmental disorder caused by nervous system disorder, mainly manifested in communication disorders, communication disorders, limitations of interest and activity, mental retardation, and so on. The cause of the disease is not clear, autistic children are like star children. Because of practical reasons, they have long been in the edge corner to become special people, in autism The long-term rehabilitation road of children, high cost and long-term great mental pressure have brought unimaginable pain and suffering to the families of autistic children, and let them be in a passive position in society and label them with special groups. Many studies in China are now treated with the rehabilitation and reality of autistic children. As a research perspective, it mainly concentrates on autistic children themselves, but there are few studies on autistic children's families. Their social support network has different faults or deficiencies, especially in the border areas. Because of the constraints of various objective conditions, the social support network resources of autistic children are insufficient. The author is in Xinjiang. In the course of professional practice, the Y organization of Urumqi city established a friendly trust relationship with family caregivers of autistic children during the process of practice. On the basis of this relationship, 10 families of autistic children were selected as the research object, mainly through interview, observation and action research, and the caregivers of autistic children were deeply studied. In the interview, we found that the caregivers of autistic children encountered many difficulties in the process of caring for autistic children, including economic, educational, psychological, family and social policy and social interaction. Then the author used the social support theory and the ecosystem theory to analyze the caregivers. All the support and their feelings about social support in the process of caring for the whole family. Through in-depth observation and interviews in the earlier period, the problems of the service objects and the multiple pressures of the inadequate social support network are analyzed. The author tries to intervene in the family of children with autism by social work. Professional methods, group work and case work methods for autistic children caregivers, in group assistance process and later case follow-up service, to help them solve practical problems in life, link and improve the original social support network for autistic children, in order to build the social support network for autistic children.
【学位授予单位】：新疆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C916
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