贫困的新趋势:消费性贫困——以鄂东打工村庄的消费竞争状况为例

发布时间：2018-08-25 11:51

【摘要】：精准扶贫的前提是明确农民贫困的真实原因。过度的仪式性消费支出成为影响农民家庭贫困的新因素,体现在生存消费的品牌化、婚丧仪式浪费的刚性化、炫耀性消费的竞争化。不理性的消费竞争扭曲了家庭的消费结构,导致家庭积累不足、代际支持缺乏,造成家庭再生产的低度循环和内在冲突,发展潜力有限,"消费性贫困"生成。消费性贫困是消费行为的城乡联动机制和村庄经济文化状况叠加作用的产物。城镇消费行为对农村的示范效应,改变了农民的审美趣味,抬高了农户生活标准的绝对成本,村庄内部的支出竞争无序化提高了农户生活标准的相对成本。因此,扶贫不仅要在增收上做文章,还要在减支上花工夫。改变扶贫思路,倡导文化扶贫,促进消费脱贫,实现扶贫的精准性。
[Abstract]:The premise of accurate poverty alleviation is to make clear the real cause of peasant poverty. Excessive ritual consumption expenditure has become a new factor affecting the poverty of peasant families, which is reflected in the brand of living consumption, the rigidity of wedding and funeral ceremony waste, and the competition of conspicuous consumption. Irrational consumption competition distorts the consumption structure of the family, leads to the insufficient accumulation of family, the lack of intergenerational support, the low cycle and internal conflict of family reproduction, the limited development potential and the generation of "consumer poverty". Consumption poverty is the result of the interaction mechanism between urban and rural areas and the superposition of village economy and culture. The demonstration effect of urban consumption behavior on rural areas has changed the aesthetic taste of farmers, raised the absolute cost of living standards of farmers, and increased the relative costs of farmers' living standards by disorderly expenditure competition within villages. Therefore, poverty alleviation should not only increase income, but also reduce expenditure. Change the idea of poverty alleviation, advocate cultural poverty alleviation, promote consumption to get rid of poverty, and realize the accuracy of poverty alleviation.
【作者单位】：华中科技大学公共管理学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目“精准扶贫中的国家治理现代化实践机制研究”(16YJC710010)
【分类号】：C912.82;C913.3

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