沙岗村儿童抚育方式研究
发布时间：2018-09-05 20:05
【摘要】：本文以河南一个汉族农村社区作为田野调查点,以民族志的方式对该社区的儿童抚育方式进行了整体性的深描,探讨当地人在“儿童抚育方式”的历史与现状,并运用民族学相关理论对其文化内涵进行了初步的阐释。文章主要采取历史文献法、田野调查法、个案分析法、比较法等研究方法,以尽可能全面地获得当地儿童抚育方式的文化事实,从民族学“整体观”的视角,将其置于社区文化情境中去把握。故而文章首先从社区的环境入手,交代社区的自然环境和人文环境,然后从“择偶”、“生育观”、“孕育习俗与分娩习俗”、“儿童抚育方式”及随着劳动力外出务工经商造成的留守儿童抚育等几个层面,展开对沙岗村儿童抚育方式的深度描写和阐述。整个叙述与分析既注重构成儿童抚育方式的各文化因子相互间的横向关系,又考虑到儿童抚育方式在历时方面的纵向变化,并在此基础上进一步探讨沙岗村儿童抚育方式变迁的原因。 文章认为,儿童在其成长的过程中总是根据一系列的文化需求对其进行抚育,以此实现地方性文化的代代传承。所以,儿童抚育方式是一个复合的地方性文化系统的需求,必须对该地方的文化现象,包括习俗、信仰、禁忌、教育、婚姻、价值观及由于社会文化变迁而导致的各种新的文化事项加以全面的描述,从文化传承和文化变迁的总体意义上来理解儿童抚育方式。同时,文章认为,即使是地处偏远区域的村落,也不是一个完全封闭的社会空间,同样会受到来自外界、国家政策等方面因素的影响,形成大传统与小传统的互动。据此,本文大体上得出三个方面的结论：1、儿童抚育方式是地方性文化的再生产和传承的重要途径。通过对儿童的抚育,使儿童在成长过程中浸润于地方性文化之中并不断把地方性文化内化,成为指导其日常行为规范的准则,在此过程中,地方性文化也得以传承和再生产；2、文化变迁是一个恒常的过程,而引起儿童抚育方式变迁的原因是多元的,是多种因素共同作用的结果,很难说是某单一原因的独自导致,但在某个时期可能是某种原因起着主要的明显的作用。引起沙岗村儿童抚育方式的变迁是由几种内外动因在合力下共同发生作用,主要是先由国家行政力量推行计划生育政策及后来的城市化带来的外出人口流动增加和义务教育普及,进而通过村民们追求高质量的生活水平的内因而导致；3、“大传统”与“小传统”是双向互动的,彼此之间存在着广泛、深入、频繁的碰撞,是多向度、多层次的影响和吸纳。它们在村落社会中彼此影响,共同塑造着村落文化。同时,在二者的互动过程中,存在一个选择问题,各自根据不同的需要对某些因素进行筛选,进行不断的调适,并且彼此之间会做出一些妥协,最终实现文化的再创造。笔者希望通过这一个案的深入研究,由点及面,以反观当前中国农村社会的变迁。 论文主要分为三部分：第一部分为绪论。涵盖了研究的缘由与意义、相关文献综述与研究视角、核心概念的界定、研究方法以及沙岗村的地理位置、历史、自然与人文资源、社会经济等内容。 第二部分为论文的主体,共分六章：分别探讨了沙岗村村民择偶习俗、生育观、孕育习俗和分娩习俗、儿童抚育方式、留守儿童抚育等,并从文化变迁的视角阐释了沙岗村儿童抚育方式变迁的原因。 第三部分：结语。主要对本研究的一些观点作了进一步阐释与提升,即：儿童抚育方式是根据地方性文化需求对儿童进行抚育,把儿童抚育成符合地方性文化的个体；地方性文化在国家相关制度、政策主导下发生变迁；“小传统”与“大传统”是双向互动的关系。
[Abstract]:Taking a rural community of the Han nationality in Henan Province as a field investigation point, this paper makes a comprehensive and in-depth description of the child-rearing mode in the community by ethnography, explores the history and current situation of the local people in the "child-rearing mode", and makes a preliminary interpretation of its cultural connotation by using the relevant ethnological theories. Historical literature method, field investigation method, case analysis method, comparative method and other research methods, in order to obtain the cultural facts of the local child-rearing way as comprehensively as possible, from the perspective of Ethnology "holistic view", put it in the context of community culture to grasp. Then, from several aspects, such as "spouse selection", "fertility concept", "gestation custom and childbirth custom", "child rearing mode" and the left-behind children rearing caused by the labor force going out to work and business, the author makes a deep description and elaboration of the child rearing mode in Shagang village. The horizontal relationship among the cultural factors and the longitudinal changes of child-rearing patterns are also taken into account. On this basis, the reasons for the changes of child-rearing patterns in Shagang Village are further discussed.
The article holds that children are always brought up according to a series of cultural needs in the process of their growth, so as to realize the local cultural heritage from generation to generation. The article also points out that even a village in a remote area is not a completely closed social space and will be subject to external and state affairs. Based on these, this paper draws three conclusions: 1. Child rearing is an important way to reproduce and inherit the local culture. Through the rearing of children, children will be immersed in the local culture in the process of growth and continue to put the local culture in the local culture. Internalization becomes the norm to guide their daily behavior, in this process, local culture can also be inherited and reproduced; 2, cultural change is a constant process, and the causes of changes in child-rearing patterns are multiple, is the result of a variety of factors, it is difficult to say that a single cause alone led to, but in a certain case The change of child-rearing mode in Shagang village is caused by several internal and external factors, mainly by the implementation of the family planning policy by the state administrative forces and the subsequent urbanization of migration and the popularization of compulsory education. Through the villagers'pursuit of high-quality living standards, it leads to; 3, "big tradition" and "small tradition" are two-way interaction, there is a wide, deep, frequent collision between each other, is a multi-dimensional, multi-level impact and absorption. They influence each other in the village society, and jointly shape the village culture. At the same time, in the mutual impact of the two. In the process of action, there is a problem of choice, each according to different needs of certain factors to screen, constantly adjust, and will make some compromises between each other, and ultimately achieve cultural re-creation.
The paper is divided into three parts: the first part is the introduction, which covers the reasons and significance of the study, literature review and research perspective, the definition of core concepts, research methods, as well as the geographical location of Shagang village, history, natural and human resources, social and economic content.
The second part is the main body of the paper, which is divided into six chapters: Discussing the custom of choosing spouse, the concept of bearing, the custom of gestation and childbirth, the way of raising children, the way of raising left-behind children, etc. in Shagang village, and explaining the reasons of the change of the way of raising children from the perspective of cultural change.
The third part is the conclusion. Some viewpoints of this study are further explained and promoted, that is, children are brought up according to local cultural needs, and children are brought up as individuals in line with local culture; local culture changes under the guidance of relevant national systems and policies; and "small traditions" and "small traditions" "Great tradition" is a two-way interactive relationship.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：C913.5
本文编号：2225327
[Abstract]:Taking a rural community of the Han nationality in Henan Province as a field investigation point, this paper makes a comprehensive and in-depth description of the child-rearing mode in the community by ethnography, explores the history and current situation of the local people in the "child-rearing mode", and makes a preliminary interpretation of its cultural connotation by using the relevant ethnological theories. Historical literature method, field investigation method, case analysis method, comparative method and other research methods, in order to obtain the cultural facts of the local child-rearing way as comprehensively as possible, from the perspective of Ethnology "holistic view", put it in the context of community culture to grasp. Then, from several aspects, such as "spouse selection", "fertility concept", "gestation custom and childbirth custom", "child rearing mode" and the left-behind children rearing caused by the labor force going out to work and business, the author makes a deep description and elaboration of the child rearing mode in Shagang village. The horizontal relationship among the cultural factors and the longitudinal changes of child-rearing patterns are also taken into account. On this basis, the reasons for the changes of child-rearing patterns in Shagang Village are further discussed.
The article holds that children are always brought up according to a series of cultural needs in the process of their growth, so as to realize the local cultural heritage from generation to generation. The article also points out that even a village in a remote area is not a completely closed social space and will be subject to external and state affairs. Based on these, this paper draws three conclusions: 1. Child rearing is an important way to reproduce and inherit the local culture. Through the rearing of children, children will be immersed in the local culture in the process of growth and continue to put the local culture in the local culture. Internalization becomes the norm to guide their daily behavior, in this process, local culture can also be inherited and reproduced; 2, cultural change is a constant process, and the causes of changes in child-rearing patterns are multiple, is the result of a variety of factors, it is difficult to say that a single cause alone led to, but in a certain case The change of child-rearing mode in Shagang village is caused by several internal and external factors, mainly by the implementation of the family planning policy by the state administrative forces and the subsequent urbanization of migration and the popularization of compulsory education. Through the villagers'pursuit of high-quality living standards, it leads to; 3, "big tradition" and "small tradition" are two-way interaction, there is a wide, deep, frequent collision between each other, is a multi-dimensional, multi-level impact and absorption. They influence each other in the village society, and jointly shape the village culture. At the same time, in the mutual impact of the two. In the process of action, there is a problem of choice, each according to different needs of certain factors to screen, constantly adjust, and will make some compromises between each other, and ultimately achieve cultural re-creation.
The paper is divided into three parts: the first part is the introduction, which covers the reasons and significance of the study, literature review and research perspective, the definition of core concepts, research methods, as well as the geographical location of Shagang village, history, natural and human resources, social and economic content.
The second part is the main body of the paper, which is divided into six chapters: Discussing the custom of choosing spouse, the concept of bearing, the custom of gestation and childbirth, the way of raising children, the way of raising left-behind children, etc. in Shagang village, and explaining the reasons of the change of the way of raising children from the perspective of cultural change.
The third part is the conclusion. Some viewpoints of this study are further explained and promoted, that is, children are brought up according to local cultural needs, and children are brought up as individuals in line with local culture; local culture changes under the guidance of relevant national systems and policies; and "small traditions" and "small traditions" "Great tradition" is a two-way interactive relationship.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：C913.5
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 李双;农村留守儿童道德问题研究[D];湖南科技大学;2012年
，本文编号：2225327
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