母职初体验:基于自我民族志与网络民族志的城市女性哺乳实践研究

发布时间：2018-10-10 09:56

【摘要】：母乳喂养被视为关乎人口健康与国民素质的重要措施,因此,现有的论述与研究大多以婴幼儿的健康为出发点,探讨支持母乳喂养的各种措施和策略。然而,母乳喂养不仅仅与婴幼儿的健康相关,哺乳作为一种行为实践更关乎母职和女性体验。本文从女性的身体经验和哺乳实践出发,探寻母乳喂养作为一项母职是如何将其生物性与社会性的面向交互作用,从而影响和建构女性的母职实践策略。本文作者认为,现代科学话语和母职神圣的传统观念共同塑造了城市女性的哺乳实践,并将女性的身体异化成"以哺乳为中心"的身体;而包括哺乳在内的母职实践则受到市场和商业的形塑,其分工形态亦与家庭的性别观念和经济状况息息相关。要解构和消解女性社会性母职的困境,不仅仅要求女性个体及家庭在育儿问题上的意识觉醒和平等参与,还必须打破抚养孩子是家庭职责和女性个人经验的迷思,倡导国家投入更多的公共资源介入托儿与儿童照顾领域,让低价的公共照顾服务成为中下层家庭可以选择的育儿方案。
[Abstract]:Breast-feeding is regarded as an important measure of population health and national quality. Therefore, most of the existing studies and studies focus on the health of infants and young children, and explore various measures and strategies to support breastfeeding. However, breastfeeding is not only related to infant health, but also to maternal and female experience as a behavioral practice. Based on women's physical experience and nursing practice, this paper explores how breastfeeding, as a mother's duty, interacts its biological and social aspects, thus influencing and constructing the strategies of women's maternal practice. The author believes that modern scientific discourse and the sacred traditional concept of motherhood have shaped the practice of lactation of urban women, and dissimilated the body of women into a body centered on lactation. The maternal practice, including lactation, is shaped by the market and business, and the division of labor is closely related to the gender concept and economic situation of the family. In order to deconstruct and resolve the plight of women's social motherhood, it is not only necessary for women and their families to wake up and participate equally in the issue of child-rearing, but also to break the myth that raising children is a family duty and a woman's personal experience. Advocate that the state invest more public resources in the field of childcare and child care, so that low-cost public care services can be an alternative childcare program for middle and lower class families.
【作者单位】：中山大学社会学与人类学学院;广东外语外贸大学政治与公共管理学院;
【分类号】：C913.68

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