职业决策中的框架效应研究
发布时间：2018-10-13 09:56
【摘要】：关于决策的理论和实证研究一直是心理学、管理学、经济学等众多领域关注的焦点之一。决策之所以如此受重视,是因为它是人类的基本活动,可以说是无处不在。人们在做出决策时会面临许多不确定性因素,在不确定性因素下做出决策就意味着风险,并且不确定性本身就是一种最难以估量的风险,有风险,就要进行风险决策,因此有关风险决策领域的研究越来越引起研究者的广泛关注,成为决策问题研究中最富有特色,研究成果最多的一个核心问题。 本研究关于职业决策的探讨,不仅在一定程度上丰富了风险决策的理论和具体应用。同时还对风险决策的研究焦点—框架效应的影响因素进行了更具体细致的研究,为框架效应更加合理的解释提供了一些素材,充实了风险决策领域的内容。另外探讨大学生在职业决策中相关变量对框架效应的影响,具有较大的现实性,为他们在面临真实职业决策时有效的避免不必要的失误和错过,顺利走上工作岗位提供一些有意义的参考。 本文在研究国内外相关文献的基础上设计了两个实验,每个实验都采用2(正负框架)×3(拟定的参与竞争人数)的混合设计。以发放问卷的形式,采用大学生为被试群体,借鉴Kahnema的经典“亚洲疾病”模式探讨了正负性框架下被试在自我职业决策和预期他人职业决策时框架效应的存在性,并通过改变职业决策信息中拟定的参与竞争的人数探讨了影响框架效应的因素。研究结果表明：(1)当拟定的参与竞争的人数为600时,被试在自我职业决策和预期他人决策时都受到框架效应的影响,且女生比男生更易受到框架效应的影响。(2)当拟定的参与竞争的人数为60时,被试在预期他人职业决策时受到框架效应的影响,且女生比男生更易受到框架效应的影响；(3)被试在预期他人职业决策时,当拟定的参与竞争的人数为600或60时,无论是正性框架还是负性框架下大一的学生都比大三的学生更倾向于冒险；(4)在面对同样的参与竞争人数时,负性框架下被试认为自己比他人具有更强的冒险性。
[Abstract]:Theoretical and empirical research on decision-making has always been the focus of attention in psychology, management, economics and many other fields. Decision-making is so important because it is the basic human activity, can be said to be everywhere. When people make a decision, they will face many uncertain factors. Making a decision under uncertainty means risk, and uncertainty itself is one of the most incalculable risks. If there is a risk, we have to make a risk decision. Therefore, the research on risk decision making has attracted more and more attention from researchers, and has become a core problem with the most characteristic and research results in the research of decision making. This study not only enriches the theory and application of risk decision to a certain extent. At the same time, the research focus of risk decision-the influence factor of frame effect is studied in detail, which provides some materials for more reasonable explanation of frame effect and enriches the content of risk decision making field. In addition, it is more realistic to explore the influence of relevant variables on the frame effect in college students' career decision-making, which can effectively avoid unnecessary mistakes and missed in the face of real career decisions. Go smoothly to the job to provide some meaningful reference. In this paper, two experiments are designed based on the domestic and foreign literatures. Each experiment adopts a mixed design of 2 (positive and negative frame) 脳 3 (proposed number of participants in the competition). In the form of questionnaire, using college students as a group, using Kahnema's classic "Asian Disease" model, this paper discusses the existence of frame effect in self-career decision making and anticipating others' career decision under the frame of positive and negative. The factors that influence the frame effect are discussed by changing the number of people who participate in the competition in the career decision-making information. The results show that: (1) when the proposed number of participants is 600, the participants are affected by the frame effect in both self-career decisions and expected decisions of others. Girls are more vulnerable to the frame effect than boys. (2) when the number of participants in the competition is 60, the participants are influenced by the frame effect when they expect others to make career decisions, and girls are more likely to be influenced by the frame effect than boys; (3) when the participants expected others to make career decisions, when the number of participants in the competition was 600 or 60, both positive and negative frame students were more likely to take risks than junior students; (4) when faced with the same number of participants, the subjects considered themselves to be more adventurous than others under the negative frame.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：C913.2
本文编号：2268183
[Abstract]:Theoretical and empirical research on decision-making has always been the focus of attention in psychology, management, economics and many other fields. Decision-making is so important because it is the basic human activity, can be said to be everywhere. When people make a decision, they will face many uncertain factors. Making a decision under uncertainty means risk, and uncertainty itself is one of the most incalculable risks. If there is a risk, we have to make a risk decision. Therefore, the research on risk decision making has attracted more and more attention from researchers, and has become a core problem with the most characteristic and research results in the research of decision making. This study not only enriches the theory and application of risk decision to a certain extent. At the same time, the research focus of risk decision-the influence factor of frame effect is studied in detail, which provides some materials for more reasonable explanation of frame effect and enriches the content of risk decision making field. In addition, it is more realistic to explore the influence of relevant variables on the frame effect in college students' career decision-making, which can effectively avoid unnecessary mistakes and missed in the face of real career decisions. Go smoothly to the job to provide some meaningful reference. In this paper, two experiments are designed based on the domestic and foreign literatures. Each experiment adopts a mixed design of 2 (positive and negative frame) 脳 3 (proposed number of participants in the competition). In the form of questionnaire, using college students as a group, using Kahnema's classic "Asian Disease" model, this paper discusses the existence of frame effect in self-career decision making and anticipating others' career decision under the frame of positive and negative. The factors that influence the frame effect are discussed by changing the number of people who participate in the competition in the career decision-making information. The results show that: (1) when the proposed number of participants is 600, the participants are affected by the frame effect in both self-career decisions and expected decisions of others. Girls are more vulnerable to the frame effect than boys. (2) when the number of participants in the competition is 60, the participants are influenced by the frame effect when they expect others to make career decisions, and girls are more likely to be influenced by the frame effect than boys; (3) when the participants expected others to make career decisions, when the number of participants in the competition was 600 or 60, both positive and negative frame students were more likely to take risks than junior students; (4) when faced with the same number of participants, the subjects considered themselves to be more adventurous than others under the negative frame.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：C913.2
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 彭伟;职业决策自我效能感与框架效应对大学生职业决策的影响[D];南京师范大学;2013年
，本文编号：2268183
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