困境未成年人教育保护实践报告

发布时间：2018-11-11 20:27

【摘要】：未成年人的健康成长关系着社会稳定与未来发展,在我国经济建设突飞猛进,社会建设相对滞后的现实背景下,未成年人社会保护不足引发的一系列社会问题值得关注,其中困境未成年人的教育与保护现状应引起社会重视。笔者在生活和工作中经常接触到身处困境的未成年人,根据北京市民政局定义,困境未成年指存在如下4种情况的未成年人：第一,因监护人服刑、遗弃、病重等因素导致实际监护人缺位,无人监护的未成年人；第二,因监护人家庭暴力、疏于管理等因素得不到适当监护的未成年人；第三,因家庭经济困难失去生活基本保障而辍学的未成年人；第四,因流浪、被拐卖、非法务工等因素陷入困境的未成年人。他们中许多人因身处困境,无法顺利完成义务教育,辍学加入打工大军甚至游荡在社会。困境未成年人过早地进入社会对他们的健康成长有害无益。如果对这一问题放任自流,此类人群中为数不少的人将走向人生发展的歧途。有鉴于此,笔者尝试利用社会工作专业方法对困境未成年人进行教育保护,在实践过程中分别对因监护人服刑导致未成年人辍学,因监护人家庭暴力导致未成年人辍学的两位案主进行个案工作介入,针对困境未成年所存在的心理状况及需求状况,采用认知疗法的社会工作技术,帮助案主处理由于深陷困境造成的不良情绪,恢复心理健康,积极应对困难,联系相关社会资源协助案主建立自身社会支持网络,并最终帮助2位困境未成年案主重新回归学校,推动他们继续完成学业,实现了社会工作这对困境未成年的教育保护。
[Abstract]:The healthy growth of minors is related to social stability and future development. Under the background of rapid economic development and lagging social construction in China, a series of social problems caused by inadequate social protection for minors are worthy of attention. Among them, the present situation of education and protection of minors in distress should be paid attention to by society. In my life and work, I often come into contact with minors who are in distress. According to the definition of Beijing Civil Affairs Bureau, plight minors refer to minors in the following four situations: first, they are abandoned because of their guardians. Serious illness and other factors lead to the absence of actual guardian, no guardianship of minors; Second, minors who can not get proper guardianship because of guardian's domestic violence, neglect of management and so on; third, minors who drop out of school because of family financial difficulties losing basic security of life; Fourth, because of vagrancy, be trafficked, illegal labor and other factors into difficulties of minors. Many of them were unable to complete compulsory education because of their difficulties, dropped out to join the army and even wandered around the society. Premature entry of troubled minors into society is detrimental to their healthy growth. If the problem is left alone, a large number of such people will go astray in life. In view of this, the author tries to use the social work professional method to carry on the education protection to the difficult minor, in the practice process separately causes the minor to drop out of school because the guardian serves the sentence, Two victims who dropped out of school as a result of domestic violence from their guardians were involved in the case work. According to the psychological status and needs of the minors in distress, they adopted the social work techniques of cognitive therapy. Help the victim to deal with the bad emotions caused by the deep difficulties, restore mental health, actively cope with difficulties, contact the relevant social resources to assist the victim to establish his own social support network, Finally, it helps the two underage victims return to school, push them to finish their studies, and realize the educational protection of social work.
【学位授予单位】：长春工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：C916

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