美国流动儿童城市社会融入研究
发布时间：2018-11-13 15:38
【摘要】：流动儿童的人口比例和增长趋势,决定了其社会融入度对美国未来发展具有重要影响。教育融入、文化融入和心理融入是流动儿童社会融入的三个主要维度。美国流动儿童在社会融入过程中面临的主要问题有种族偏见、法律地位差异、语言障碍、家境贫穷、心理压力等。为帮助流动儿童融入社会,美国采取的相应策略主要包括建立基于社区的社会支持网络,发展基于多元文化的双语教育,重视基于亲子合作的早期教育和提供基于校园的心理健康服务。分析美国流动儿童社会融入的问题及策略,可以为我国进城务工人员随迁子女的社会融入提供有益借鉴。本论文由六个部分组成。第一部分是引言部分,主要包括问题的提出、研究目的与意义和文献综述,通过对已有研究成果进行梳理和总结,找到与论题相关的理论依据,确定研究方法,是本文主体部分的基础。第二部分是对美国流动儿童城市社会融入的背景、特殊蕴涵和现状呈现进行阐述,复杂的历史背景和多元文化的现实环境赋予了美国流动儿童及其社会融入以特殊内涵：通过聚焦流动儿童的语言习得情况、家庭地位状况和父母文化水平,为下文提出流动儿童面临的问题作铺垫。第三部分主要分析美国流动儿童在融入城市社会过程中出现的系列问题。流动儿童因其特殊的移民经历和文化背景,与本地的同辈群体在身心发展上存在着一定差异,也面临着对教育和环境的诸多特殊要求,导致其融入社会过程中出现系列问题,如种族偏见与歧视带来的认同压力,学前教育缺失造成的语言障碍,家庭经济条件和法律地位的差异,认知冲突导致的身心健康问题等。第四部分是对关注流动儿童城市社会融入的政策法规的介绍和分析,法律和相应服务项目的实施为流动儿童的权利提供了保障。主要分别介绍了《双语教育法》和《不让一个孩子掉队法》的出台背景、主要内容、效果和影响。第五部分主要是美国针对流动儿童社会融入问题所形成了有针对性的解决策略。各项策略的主要特点是形式多样化,地方灵活性高和经费来源广：政府和社会各界积极整合资源,共同构建帮扶体系。第六部分是对我国流动儿童城市社会融入问题的启示和总结,也是本文的意义所在。我国同样存在外来务工人员随迁子女童城市社会融入问题,通过对美国相关问题的研究,为促进我国流动儿童的城市社会融入提供借鉴和思考。
[Abstract]:The proportion and increasing trend of floating children determine their social inclusion has an important impact on the future development of the United States. Educational integration, cultural integration and psychological integration are the three main dimensions of social integration of migrant children. The main problems faced by American migrant children in the process of social integration are racial prejudice, legal status differences, language barriers, family poverty, psychological pressure and so on. In order to help migrant children integrate into society, the corresponding strategies in the United States mainly include the establishment of community-based social support networks and the development of multicultural bilingual education. Emphasis should be placed on early education based on parent-child cooperation and on the provision of school-based mental health services. Analyzing the problems and strategies of social integration of migrant children in the United States can provide a useful reference for the social integration of migrant children in China. This thesis consists of six parts. The first part is the introduction part, mainly includes the question raising, the research purpose and the significance and the literature review, through combs and summarizes the existing research results, finds the theoretical basis related to the topic, determines the research method. Is the basis of the main part of this paper. The second part is the background, the special implication and the present situation of the urban social integration of the migrant children in the United States. The complicated historical background and multi-cultural realistic environment give American migrant children and their social integration special connotations: by focusing on the language acquisition, family status and parents' cultural level of migrant children. For the following proposed floating children faced with the problems to pave the way. The third part mainly analyzes a series of problems in the process of integrating American migrant children into urban society. Because of their special immigrant experience and cultural background, migrant children are different from their peers in physical and mental development, and they also face many special requirements for education and environment, which lead to a series of problems in the process of their integration into society. Such as the pressure of identity caused by racial prejudice and discrimination, the language barrier caused by lack of preschool education, the difference of family economic condition and legal status, the physical and mental health problems caused by cognitive conflict and so on. The fourth part is the introduction and analysis of the policies and regulations concerning the urban social integration of migrant children. The implementation of laws and corresponding service items provides protection for the rights of migrant children. The background, main contents, effects and effects of the Bilingual Education Law and the No Child left behind Law are introduced respectively. The fifth part is that the United States has formed targeted strategies to solve the problem of social integration of migrant children. The main characteristics of the strategies are diversification of forms, high flexibility and wide sources of funding: the government and all sectors of society actively integrate resources and jointly build a helping system. The sixth part is the enlightenment and summary of the urban social integration of migrant children in China, which is also the significance of this paper. There is also the problem of urban social integration of migrant workers and girls in China. Through the study of relevant problems in the United States, it provides reference and reflection for promoting the urban social integration of migrant children in our country.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D771.2;C913.5
[Abstract]:The proportion and increasing trend of floating children determine their social inclusion has an important impact on the future development of the United States. Educational integration, cultural integration and psychological integration are the three main dimensions of social integration of migrant children. The main problems faced by American migrant children in the process of social integration are racial prejudice, legal status differences, language barriers, family poverty, psychological pressure and so on. In order to help migrant children integrate into society, the corresponding strategies in the United States mainly include the establishment of community-based social support networks and the development of multicultural bilingual education. Emphasis should be placed on early education based on parent-child cooperation and on the provision of school-based mental health services. Analyzing the problems and strategies of social integration of migrant children in the United States can provide a useful reference for the social integration of migrant children in China. This thesis consists of six parts. The first part is the introduction part, mainly includes the question raising, the research purpose and the significance and the literature review, through combs and summarizes the existing research results, finds the theoretical basis related to the topic, determines the research method. Is the basis of the main part of this paper. The second part is the background, the special implication and the present situation of the urban social integration of the migrant children in the United States. The complicated historical background and multi-cultural realistic environment give American migrant children and their social integration special connotations: by focusing on the language acquisition, family status and parents' cultural level of migrant children. For the following proposed floating children faced with the problems to pave the way. The third part mainly analyzes a series of problems in the process of integrating American migrant children into urban society. Because of their special immigrant experience and cultural background, migrant children are different from their peers in physical and mental development, and they also face many special requirements for education and environment, which lead to a series of problems in the process of their integration into society. Such as the pressure of identity caused by racial prejudice and discrimination, the language barrier caused by lack of preschool education, the difference of family economic condition and legal status, the physical and mental health problems caused by cognitive conflict and so on. The fourth part is the introduction and analysis of the policies and regulations concerning the urban social integration of migrant children. The implementation of laws and corresponding service items provides protection for the rights of migrant children. The background, main contents, effects and effects of the Bilingual Education Law and the No Child left behind Law are introduced respectively. The fifth part is that the United States has formed targeted strategies to solve the problem of social integration of migrant children. The main characteristics of the strategies are diversification of forms, high flexibility and wide sources of funding: the government and all sectors of society actively integrate resources and jointly build a helping system. The sixth part is the enlightenment and summary of the urban social integration of migrant children in China, which is also the significance of this paper. There is also the problem of urban social integration of migrant workers and girls in China. Through the study of relevant problems in the United States, it provides reference and reflection for promoting the urban social integration of migrant children in our country.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D771.2;C913.5
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