反犹主义：对斯大林政策导向的误读

发布时间：2018-03-09 15:53

本文选题：斯大林　切入点：苏联犹太人　出处：《兰州大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：犹太人饱受苦难的历史几乎一直与反犹主义为伴,特别在经历了纳粹惨无人道的大屠杀之后,这种厌恶、憎恨、排斥、仇视犹太人的思想和行为已然成为反人类罪行的典型代表。斯大林则是一个苏联乃至社会主义历史上的矛盾体,他的决策和强势带领一个国家创造了发展的奇迹,同时他的粗暴与专权也带来了更多人道主义的悲剧。而犹太人问题与斯大林的评价问题一经结合,就成为了本文的主题内容。在对斯大林的评价中,西方还有一些国内的学者都将斯大林定位为-个反犹主义者,并将当时的苏维埃政府认定为一个具有反犹主义倾向的政权。尽管斯大林可能对犹太人怀有一些私人看法,但是作为一个大国的领导人,他对犹太人及锡安主义的政策其实具有很强的功利性,而不是为简单的民族倾向所左右。本文通过联系比较斯大林执政前后的俄国、苏联犹太人的情况及其态度,结合相关对内对外政策,逐步分析斯大林的宗教、民族政策以及大清洗、犹太自治州、犹太人反法西斯委员会、医生案等典型事例,证明学界对斯大林反犹主义指控证据并不充分,达到澄清斯大林并非一个反犹主义者,他所在的苏联政府也并非反犹政权这一观点。
[Abstract]:The Jewish history of suffering has almost always been accompanied by anti-Semitism, especially after the brutal Holocaust of the Nazis, this loathing, hatred, exclusion, Jewish hatred has become a typical example of crimes against humanity. Stalin, on the other hand, is a contradiction in the history of the Soviet Union and even socialism. His decision-making and power led a country to create a miracle of development. At the same time, his rudeness and totalitarianism also brought more humanitarian tragedies. And once the Jewish problem and Stalin's evaluation were combined, it became the main content of this article. In the evaluation of Stalin, There are also some domestic scholars in the West who have identified Stalin as an anti-Semitic and the Soviet government as an anti-Semitic regime, although Stalin may have some personal views of the Jews. But as a leader of a big country, his policy toward Jews and Zionism is actually very utilitarian, not dominated by simple national tendencies. The situation and attitude of the Jews in the Soviet Union, combined with relevant domestic and foreign policies, to analyze Stalin's religion, ethnic policies and typical cases such as the Great cleansing, the Jewish Autonomous Prefecture, the Jewish Anti-Fascist Commission, the doctor case, and so on. It is clear that Stalin is not an anti-Semitic and his Soviet government is not an anti-Semitic regime.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K512.5

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