卡拉姆津保守主义思想研究

发布时间：2018-03-16 09:49

  本文选题：卡拉姆津　切入点：俄国早期保守主义　出处：《苏州科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：俄国早期保守主义思潮的产生,追根溯源,是其历史遗产的延承与现代性追求二者交织的产物。俄国保守主义作为一种社会政治思潮系统成形于19世纪第一个四分之一时期内,它本身既包含有传统主义的成分或要素,同时又具备有鲜明的时代印记。18世纪俄国沿着启蒙时代的理念发展路径,凭借国家这一革命性动力加速推动着俄国社会的转型,然而,一个多世纪以来的"赶超型"发展道路所带来的现代性与传统价值观念二者之间冲突的系统呈现和反应,在18世纪晚期已初具雏形,历经将启蒙时代所宣扬的进步理念付诸社会实践的法国大革命以及沙皇亚历山大一世统治前期重新构造俄国传统制度和机构"大厦"的相关政治和社会改革举措,国际与国内层面的"双重挑战"致使俄国保守主义思潮在19世纪第一个四分之一时期内首次得以全面迸发。尼古拉·米哈伊尔洛维奇·卡拉姆津,作为19世纪第一个四分之一时期俄国早期保守主义者当中的典型代表之一,不仅充分吸收启蒙时代西方先进思想文化成果,而且矢志一生致力于启迪民智与助推俄国启蒙事业的发展,在感伤主义文学创作和历史学编纂方面均大有建树。18世纪与19世纪之交,卡拉姆津先后经历了国内、外发生的一系列革命与激进改革事件,促使其转向俄国历史研究,以"历史主义"的方法和态度重新思考俄国社会的现实问题,于其中,对俄国传统君主制的解构成为了卡拉姆津保守主义思想的重要内核以及其思想遗产的重要组成部分。另外,围绕着俄国农民解放这一社会现实主题,卡拉姆津个人的思想呈现出某种自由主义色彩,他并不反对俄国农民得以最终的解放,而且从对俄国社会现实条件的认知与亲身社会实践经验出发,得出结论:采取逐步、渐进的方式推动解放事业更符合俄罗斯国家和农民自身的共同利益。
[Abstract]:The origin of the early Russian conservatism is the intertwined of its historical heritage and the pursuit of modernity. As a social and political trend of thought, Russian conservatism was formed in the first 1/4 period in 19th century. It not only contains elements of traditionalism, but also has distinctive epoch imprint. 18th century Russia along the path of the concept of the Enlightenment era, by virtue of the revolutionary power of the country to accelerate the transformation of Russian society, however, The systematic presentation and response of the conflict between modernity and traditional values brought about by the development of "catch-up type" for more than a century has begun to take shape in the late period of 18th century. The French Revolution, which put into practice the progressive ideas preached in the Enlightenment era, and the political and social reforms related to the reconstruction of the traditional Russian system and institutional "edifice" in the early days of the reign of tsar Alexander I, The "double challenge" at the international and domestic levels led to the first full burst of Russian conservatism in the first 1/4 years in 19th century. In 19th century, as one of the typical representatives of the early Russian conservatives in the first 1/4 period, not only did they fully absorb the achievements of advanced western ideology and culture in the Enlightenment era, He was committed to enlightening the people and promoting the development of Russian enlightenment, and had great achievements in sentimental literary creation and historical compilation. At the turn of the 18th century and the 19th century, Kalamzin had experienced domestic experiences one after another. A series of revolutionary and radical reform events occurred outside the country, prompting it to turn to the study of Russian history, rethinking the realistic problems of Russian society with the method and attitude of "historicism". The deconstruction of the Russian traditional monarchy has become an important core of Kalamzin's conservative thought and an important part of its ideological heritage. Kalamzin's personal thought shows some kind of liberalism, he is not opposed to the ultimate liberation of Russian peasants, and from the cognition of the Russian social reality and personal social practice experience, he draws the conclusion: adopt step by step, A gradual approach to the cause of liberation is more in the common interest of the Russian state and farmers themselves.
【学位授予单位】：苏州科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K512.34
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本文编号：1619390