俄国泛斯拉夫主义浅析

发布时间：2018-03-23 19:24

本文选题：俄国　切入点：泛斯拉夫主义　出处：《华南师范大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 泛斯拉夫主义是19世纪初期在中东欧出现的一种为谋求各斯拉夫民族文化自决、政治独立而结盟的文化、政治纲领，它最早出现在奥地利境内的西斯拉夫人的知识分子中间，其目的在于避免被德意志人和马扎尔人所同化。由于当时俄国是斯拉夫世界中最大的国家，所以奥地利等地的泛斯拉夫主义者就很快与俄国牵上了手，，出现了俄国的泛斯拉夫主义。俄国的泛斯拉夫主义与早期的斯拉夫主义既有区别又有联系。前者是俄国民族主义分子对西方民族和文化极端仇视的反映，表现出大俄罗斯沙文主义的特征；后者则强调发展俄罗斯的民族性、反对俄国走西方化的道路。但俄国的斯拉夫主义者为泛斯拉夫主义提供了重要的观念和理论基础，甚至有的斯拉夫主义者后来转变成为泛斯拉夫主义者。俄国泛斯拉夫主义者将斯拉夫主义的崇尚俄国文化引向了对西方民族和文化的极端仇视，并妄图使所有斯拉夫人俄罗斯化，进而使所有的斯拉夫人结成一个与西方对立的联盟。由于泛斯拉夫主义与俄国政府的外交政策难以协调一致，更重要的是俄国民众和俄国境外的斯拉夫人对泛斯拉夫主义不感兴趣，因而俄国泛斯拉夫主义无疑是一场失败的运动。但它对俄罗斯民族和其他斯拉夫民族的文化与历史进程以及近代欧洲的国际关系产生了重大影响。
[Abstract]:Pan-Slavic Doctrine appeared in the early 19th century in Central and Eastern Europe for the purpose of seeking the cultural self-determination, political independence and political platform of each Slavic nation. It first appeared among the intellectuals of Mrs. Sisra in Austria. The aim was to avoid being assimilated by the Germans and Mazars. Since Russia was then the largest country in the Slavic world, pan-Slavic activists in Austria and elsewhere quickly joined hands with Russia. Russian pan-Slavic doctrine emerged. The former is a reflection of the extreme hatred of the western nation and culture by Russian nationalists and shows the characteristics of the great Russian chauvinism. The latter emphasized the development of Russian nationality and opposed the westernization of Russia. However, the Slavic elements in Russia provided an important conceptual and theoretical basis for pan-Slavic doctrine. Some Slavs later turned into pan-Slavists, who led the Slavic cult of Russian culture to the extreme hatred of Western nations and cultures. He tried to make all Slavs Russians, and then all Slavs to form an alliance with the West. Since pan-Slavic doctrine is difficult to reconcile with the foreign policy of the Russian government, what is more important is that the Russian people and the Slavic people outside Russia are not interested in pan-Slavic doctrine. Therefore, Russian pan-Slavic doctrine is undoubtedly a failed movement, but it has exerted great influence on the cultural and historical process of the Russian and other Slavic peoples and on the international relations in modern Europe.
【学位授予单位】：华南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K512

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