赴日宋僧无学祖元研究

发布时间：2018-03-25 01:05

本文选题：日本　切入点：南宋　出处：《浙江大学》2009年博士论文

【摘要】： 禅宗东传在日本政治文化史上具有非常重要的意义。它巩固了幕府的统治地位,协调了朝廷与幕府之间的关系；它对日本五山文学的兴起,茶道、花道、剑道、武士道的形成和发展,以及朱子学的传播都产生了深远的影响。而在这一过程中,东渡日本的中国禅僧功不可没,其中,无学祖元是最具代表性的人物之一首先,作为在南宋灭亡之年赴日的高僧,他的东渡具有承上启下的历史意义。其次,他弘扬宋朝禅风,培养日本弟子,为禅宗扎根日本作出了杰出的贡献。最后,他积极参与文学指导与创作活动,留下了大量的优秀作品,为五山文学的繁荣奠定了基础。本文在充分发掘与整理祖元相关资料的基础上,考察、分析了祖元的生平事迹、著述思想及在日本文化史上的贡献和影响。全文由三篇十一章组成。上篇是对祖元赴日前后中日两国政治关系与文化交流情况的阐述。包括忽必烈的遣使与东征、宋元时期中日贸易往来及僧侣间的交流,藉此将祖元放在一个大的历史文化背景中进行考察。中篇是对祖元传记资料及生平事迹的研究。第一章探讨十种祖元传记资料的由来、特点及彼此间的关系。第二章是对祖元生平事迹的考察。重点是对祖元赴日后事迹的考察,除了住持建长、开山圆觉这类众所周知的事实,主要对其教化僧俗、祝圣祈祷的事迹做了比较全面深入的探讨。此外,本章专门介绍了祖元赴日传说,并首次探讨了此传说出现的原因。第三章通过对祖元在日期间与僧俗交游情况的考察,进一步阐述祖元在日活动的形式与内容,以及他为推进禅宗在日传播所作的努力。下篇旨在对祖元著述、思想及影响进行考察和分析,是本文论述的重点。第一章是对《佛光国师语录》的编者、内容、版本及流传情况的研究。第二章是对日本现藏祖元墨迹和文物的研究。在对墨迹的解读上,纠正了日本学者对祖元墨迹的若干错误判读。第三章是对祖元禅法思想、弥勒信仰、儒家思想及神道信仰的研究。本章首次对祖元的禅法思想进行了全面深入的讨论；探索了学界未曾注意的弥勒信仰对祖元思想的影响；比较系统地分析了祖元儒学思想的来源与表现；探讨了祖元与日本传统神道信仰的关系。第四章以祖元的法脉传承为中心,讨论其在日本禅宗史上的影响。第五章通过对祖元文学理论与文学实践活动的探讨,通过对其作品的分析和研究,以及佛光派弟子在五山文学僧人数及作品数上所占比例的量化分析,全面论述祖元在五山文学史上的地位和影响。
[Abstract]:The eastward spread of Zen is of great significance in the history of Japanese political culture. It consolidates the dominant position of the shogunate and coordinates the relationship between the imperial court and the shogunate. It is of great significance to the rise of Japanese literature on the five mountains, the tea ceremony, the flower ceremony, and the Kendo. The formation and development of Bushido, as well as the spread of Zhu Zi's studies, have had a profound impact. In this process, the Chinese Buddhist monks who traveled to Japan to the east contributed to the formation and development of Bushido. Among them, one of the most representative figures was the non-educated ancestor Yuan. As a monk who went to Japan during the death of the Southern Song Dynasty, his journey to the east was of historical significance. Secondly, he carried forward the Zen style of the Song Dynasty, cultivated Japanese disciples, and made outstanding contributions for the Zen sect to take root in Japan. He took an active part in literary guidance and creation, leaving a large number of excellent works, which laid the foundation for the prosperity of the five mountains literature. On the basis of fully excavating and sorting out the relevant materials of ancestor Yuan, this paper analyzes his life story, his writing thoughts and his contribution and influence in the history of Japanese culture. The full text consists of three chapters and eleven chapters. The first part is an account of the political relations and cultural exchanges between the two countries before and after their visit to Japan, including Hu Bilie's mission and the Eastern expedition, the Sino-Japanese trade exchanges and the exchange of monks during the Song and Yuan dynasties. In this way, the ancestor yuan in a large historical and cultural background to investigate. The first chapter deals with the origin, characteristics and relationship of the ten kinds of biographies. The second chapter is about the life stories of the ancestors and Yuan Dynasty. The emphasis is on the post-Japanese deeds of the ancestors and Yuan Dynasty, the first chapter is a study of the history, characteristics and relationships of the ten kinds of biographies of the ancestors and Yuan Dynasty, the second chapter is the investigation of the life stories of the ancestors and Yuan Dynasty. In addition to the well-known facts such as abbot and abbot, Kaishan Yuanjue, this chapter mainly makes a comprehensive and in-depth discussion on his deeds of enlightening monks and praying. In addition, this chapter specifically introduces the legends of the ancestors and Yuan Dynasty going to Japan. The third chapter further expounds the form and content of ancestral Yuan's activities in Japan and his efforts to promote the spread of Zen Buddhism in Japan. The second part aims to investigate and analyze the writings, thoughts and influences of the ancestors and Yuan Dynasty, which is the focus of this paper. Chapter one is the editor and the content of the Quotations of the Buddha Guang Guoshu. The second chapter is the study of the Japanese Zang Yuan ink and cultural relics. In the interpretation of the ink, it corrects the Japanese scholars' misinterpretation of the ancestor yuan ink. Chapter three is about the Zen thought of the ancestor and the belief of Maitreya. This chapter discusses the Zen thought of the ancestor Yuan for the first time, and explores the influence of Maitreya belief which has not been paid attention to by the academic circles. This paper systematically analyzes the origin and expression of the Confucian thought of the ancestor Yuan, probes into the relationship between the ancestor Yuan and the traditional Shinto belief in Japan. Chapter four centers on the legalism inheritance of the ancestor Yuan. The fifth chapter discusses the theory and practice of Zen Buddhism in Japan, and analyzes and studies his works. And the quantitative analysis of the number of literary monks and the number of works made by the disciples of Buddhism and Guang School, and the overall discussion on the position and influence of ancestor Yuan in the history of literature of the five Mountains.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K313

【引证文献】