古代苏格兰民族的历史行程

发布时间：2018-04-17 01:17

本文选题：苏格兰 + 斯科特人　；参考：《华东师范大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 在人类历史上,所有的现存民族无不是经历了不同族群衍生、发展、直至最后形成特征明显的民族的过程。这个过程充满了复杂的冲突与交融,苏格兰民族形成的历史道路亦是如此。在苏格兰这片土地上,从远古到中世纪,先后有过皮克特人、不列颠人、斯科特人、盎格鲁人和维京人的入据。这些不同时代进入的古代民族集团的成员,在这片土地上历经长时间的交往、冲突和融合,逐渐发展成了苏格兰民族。土著皮克特人在9世纪与斯科特人统一建立阿尔巴王国,二者结合为苏格兰人。在此基础上,吸收了不列颠岛南部的不列颠人以及来自大陆的盎格鲁人和北欧的维京人。经过近千年的融合,大约在16世纪左右,形成了一个拥有共同宗教、共同历史记忆的民族。本文侧重于从历史角度出发,对苏格兰民族的起源、融合、发展和最后的形成作一历时性的纵向分析,以便从整体方面理清其中的某些历史细节。本文大致分成四个部分: 第一部分导言,在总结前人研究成果的基础上,回顾和介绍国内外学者关于苏格兰民族的学术研究概况。总体上说,欧美学者对这个问题的研究已有数百年的积累,涉及苏格兰的政治、历史、宗教等各大领域。国内学者对于苏格兰民族,以往的研究尚不够深入,叙述过于简略,总体成果较为有限。第二部分,结合目前已经收集到的关于皮克特人的相关资料,依据皮克特人残留在地名、文献中的点点痕迹和考古学证据,就皮克特人的身份、风俗、宗教等问题作了一定的讨论。第三部分主要介绍了组成苏格兰民族的其他民族成分,在这一部分里,按时间顺序介绍了他们的到来、纷争、相互影响和融合。随着不同民族成分的到来,原来的族群也随之发生了很大的变化,这种变化有的是自愿接受的,有的是被迫的。但这些古代民族成分,都在后来苏格兰民族身上打下了或深或浅的印记。第四部分主要论述了苏格兰王国的建立和苏格兰民族的形成。这两个过程可以说是同时进行的,随着苏格兰王国疆土的扩展和固定,不列颠人和盎格鲁人加入了形成苏格兰民族的诸民族的行列。在反对英格兰入侵的斗争中,苏格兰人的民族意识同益增强。宗教改革使得苏格兰成为新教长老会国家,这也成为苏格兰人的民族特征之一。虽然后来苏格兰与英格兰合并,但是苏格兰独立的宗教体系和强烈的民族意识仍维持了苏格兰的相对独立地位。
[Abstract]:In human history, all the existing nations have experienced the process of different ethnic groups' derivation, development, and finally the formation of distinct ethnic groups.The process was fraught with complex conflicts and blending, as was the history of the Scottish nation.In Scotland, from ancient times to the Middle Ages, there were Pictures, Britons, Scots, Angles and Vikings.The members of these ancient ethnic groups, who entered into different times, gradually developed into Scottish nations after a long period of contact, conflict and integration.The Aborigines United with the Scots in the 9th century to form the kingdom of Alba, a union of Scots.On this basis, the British in the southern part of Britain, as well as the Angles and Vikings from the mainland.After nearly a thousand years of fusion, about 16 th century, formed a common religion, common historical memory of the nation.This paper focuses on a diachronic analysis of the origin, integration, development and final formation of the Scottish nation from the historical point of view, in order to clarify some historical details from the whole aspect.This article is divided into four parts:The first part of the introduction, on the basis of summarizing the previous research results, reviewed and introduced the domestic and foreign scholars about the Scottish nation academic research survey.Generally speaking, European and American scholars have studied this issue for hundreds of years, covering Scotland's political, historical, religious and other fields.The previous studies on Scottish nationality by domestic scholars are not deep enough, the narration is too brief, and the overall results are limited.The second part, based on the relevant information on the Pickett people that has been collected so far, according to the remains of the Pickett people in the place names, the traces in the literature and the archaeological evidence, regarding the identity and customs of the Pickett people,Religion and other issues were discussed.The third part mainly introduces the other ethnic components of the Scottish nation. In this part, it introduces their arrival, disputes, mutual influence and integration in chronological order.With the arrival of different ethnic groups, the original ethnic groups have undergone great changes, either voluntary or forced.But these ancient ethnic elements, later on the Scottish people laid a deep or shallow mark.The fourth part mainly discusses the establishment of the Kingdom of Scotland and the formation of the Scottish nation.These two processes can be said to go on at the same time. With the expansion and fixation of the territory of the Kingdom of Scotland, the British and the Angles joined the ranks of the peoples forming the Scottish nation.In the struggle against the English invasion, Scots' national consciousness increased.The Reformation made Scotland a Protestant Presbyterian state, a national feature of Scots.Although Scotland later merged with England, Scotland's independent religious system and strong national consciousness maintained Scotland's relative independence.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：K561

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