彼得一世时期的世俗教育

发布时间：2018-04-17 01:32

本文选题：彼得一世 + 世俗化　；参考：《吉林大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：18世纪的前1/4世纪在俄国历史的发展道路上占有非常重要的地位。在这一时期里,彼得一世在国内进行了全面改革,文化领域表现在开始接触西方的启蒙思想,扩大与欧洲的联系,同时也加强了西方启蒙思想对俄国的影响。在彼得一世统治期间创办的各类学校都服从于建立强大海军和夺取出海口的战略,并以培养工业技术人员、军事工程技术人员和军事指挥员为目标,数学、自然科学和技术课程在教学计划中占有重要地位。彼得一世改革使俄国在对外扩张上更具实力,并逐渐成为世界强国。第1章:988年基辅罗斯受洗,定基督教为国教,由此罗斯的文化发展也步入了一个新时期。9世纪至17世纪末,从最初在家里教授儿童识字到开办教会学校以培养宗教人员,俄国的学校教育水平总体上渐趋提高。但是,俄国的学校教育水平在17世纪末之前属于一种量变,直至彼得一世的世俗化改革才使得学校教育方式从以培养宗教人员为主转向开始培养世俗人员,并以此服务于改革的整体需要。彼得一世的两次出访西欧,更加坚定了他对俄国进行全面改革的决心。第2章:1701年数学与航海学校的建立,揭开了俄国学校教育世俗化改革的序幕。在此之后,彼得陆续创办了各种类型的学校,以培养军事、政治、经济等领域所需要的各类新型人才。不仅如此,彼得一世还改进了俄文字母,并采用简便的铅字体进行书写和印刷,进而打破了教会对学校教育的独占,促使更多人开始接受学校教育。第3章:彼得一世改革取得了巨大成果,在此期间建立的各种类型学校为俄国培养了大批专业人才。在彼得一世统治后期批准成立的科学院及其附属大学和中学亦为俄国输送了大批专业人才,其中俄国科学院在国内外享有很高声誉,可与久负盛名的英国皇家协会和巴黎科学院相媲美。
[Abstract]:The first quarter of the 18 th century played a very important role in the development of Russian history.In this period, Peter I carried out the overall reform in China. In the cultural field, he began to contact the western enlightenment thought, expanded the contact with Europe, and strengthened the influence of the western enlightenment thought on Russia.The schools that were founded during Peter I's reign were guided by the strategy of building a strong navy and taking access to the sea, with the aim of training industrial technicians, military engineers and military commanders, mathematics,Natural science and technology courses play an important role in the teaching plan.The Peter I reforms made Russia more powerful in its external expansion and gradually became a world power.Chapter 1: the Christian Church was baptized in 1988, and Rose's cultural development also stepped into a new period from the beginning of the 9th century to the end of the 17th century, from teaching literacy to children at home to opening church schools to train religious personnel.The level of school education in Russia is on the whole increasing.However, before the end of the 17th century, the level of school education in Russia was a quantitative change, and it was not until Peter I's secularization reform that the way of school education changed from the cultivation of religious personnel to the beginning of the cultivation of secular people.And to serve the overall needs of the reform.Peter I's two visits to Western Europe reinforced his determination to carry out a comprehensive reform of Russia.Chapter 2: the establishment of mathematics and navigation school in 1701 opened the prologue of the secularization of Russian school education.After that, Peter set up schools of all kinds to train new talents in military, political, economic and other fields.Not only that, Peter I also improved the Russian alphabet, and used a simple font for writing and printing, thus breaking the church's monopoly on school education, prompting more people to start school education.Chapter 3: the reform of Peter I achieved great results, during which various types of schools were established to train a large number of professionals for Russia.The Academy of Sciences and its affiliated universities and secondary schools, which were approved during the later period of Peter I's rule, have also sent a large number of professionals to Russia, among which the Russian Academy of Sciences enjoys a high reputation at home and abroad.It is comparable to the prestigious Royal Society and the Paris Academy of Sciences.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K512.33

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