论宗教学视域下希腊公民团体的演变

发布时间：2018-04-17 02:39

本文选题：公民团体 + 宗教　；参考：《辽宁师范大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 宗教是古代希腊社会生活的重要组成部分。从前城邦时代到城邦时代末期,宗教都在社会形态演变的过程中起重要作用。本文试图在宗教的视域下分析古希腊社会的主体——公民团体的演变过程。宗教观念是希腊人自我定位与群体界定的最终标准。宗教观念的变化与社会形态的演进相互影响,互为因果,在古希腊不同的历史时期界定出希腊公民团体不同的性质与范围。笔者认为希腊社会的演进在很大程度上是宗教发展推动的结果,在宗教氛围浓厚的古希腊社会,宗教融入了社会生活的各个部分。宗教的发展与希腊公民团体的演变过程具有历史的同步性。希腊人的信仰源自于森林隙地的生活感受,氏族这个最初的宗教团体就具备了公民团体的诸多特性。氏族成员在宗教原则的规范下区分自身与外来人,也在同样的原则下建立了人类社会的最初结构,树立氏族成员的行动准则。氏族与氏族联合形成了胞族,胞族的联合又形成了部落。希腊社会团体规模的不断扩大同步伴随着宗教观念的扩展,氏族宗教观念对人的束缚渐渐被自然宗教的思想所打破,信仰逐渐摆脱宗族的限制发展出普遍化的特征。城邦是部落联合的产物,是自然神崇拜发展到一定程度的结果,公共祭坛、神庙与城市边缘的圣地共同界定出城邦的范围的同时,围绕其展开的宗教活动也建立起城邦内部的认同感和凝聚力。于是城邦公民团体便成为崇拜城邦神的特定宗教团体。哲学的出现之,希腊社会不再被古老的宗教原则支配。众多哲学家的学说和论述,将理性推崇至前所未有的崇高地位。使希腊公民团体的性质发生了根本的变化。
[Abstract]:Religion was an important part of the social life of ancient Greece.Religion played an important role in the evolution of social form from the former city-state era to the late city-state era.This paper attempts to analyze the evolution of civil society, the subject of ancient Greek society, from the perspective of religion.Religious concept is the ultimate standard of Greek self-orientation and group definition.The change of religious concept and the evolution of social formation influence each other and cause and effect each other and define the different nature and scope of Greek civil society in different historical periods of ancient Greece.The author believes that the evolution of Greek society is to a large extent the result of religious development. In the ancient Greek society with a strong religious atmosphere, religion has been integrated into various parts of social life.The development of religion and the evolution of Greek civil society have historical synchronism.The Greek faith was rooted in the feelings of life in the forest gap, and the clan, the original religious group, had many of the characteristics of civil society.The members of the clan distinguished themselves from outsiders under the norms of religious principles, and also established the initial structure of human society and the rules of action of the members of the clan under the same principles.The clan and clan United to form the phratry, and the phratry formed the tribe.With the expansion of Greek social organization, the restriction of clan religious concept was broken by the thought of natural religion, and the belief gradually developed out of the restriction of clan.The city-state is the product of tribal union and the result of the development of natural deity worship to a certain extent. While public altars, temples and holy places on the edge of the city define the scope of the city-state,The religious activities around it also established the identity and cohesion within the city-states.Thus, the city-state citizen group became a specific religious group that worshipped the city-state god.With the emergence of philosophy, Greek society was no longer dominated by ancient religious principles.The doctrine and argumentation of many philosophers exalted reason to an unprecedented high status.A fundamental change in the nature of the Greek civil society has taken place.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K125

【引证文献】