古王国时期埃及粮仓的行政管理研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 01:14

本文选题：埃及 + 古王国　；参考：《东北师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：粮食是保证古代农耕社会持续发展的基石,而如何对它进行妥善的贮存和合理的分配是每个文明都要面对的问题。为此,他们都曾创立过系统完善的管理体系,古埃及也不例外。在被称为“金字塔时代”的古王国时期,埃及人就已经建立了一套独立的粮仓管理体系。但由于考古资料及相关文献的匮乏,国内外学者对于其人员设置和管理体系的研究相对较少。据现存资料记载,粮仓作为一个独立的机构创立于第五王朝,而在第五王朝之前的历史时期,粮仓管理可能被委托给劳工(imy-r ka.t)部门或交由维吉尔管理。在粮仓的种类和人员构成上,古王国时期的粮仓可分为国家粮仓、王室粮仓、神庙粮仓和私人粮仓。国家粮仓由中央与地方粮仓两级构成,它们的最高长官分别是“双粮仓监管者”(imy-r vnwty)和“粮仓监管者”(imy-r vnwt)。除此之外,还有级别不同的管理人员,其中较为重要的高级官员包括“粮仓书吏监管者”(imy-r zv(w)vnwt)、“粮仓档案书吏监管者”(imy-r zv(w)mjat n vnwt)、“粮仓食物供应监管者”(imy-r vnwt swt etpw jfaw)、“王室粮仓监管者”(imy-r vnwt nzwt)等。他们与其他低级官员及普通工人共同构成了粮仓庞大的管理群体。在古代埃及,粮仓的主要职责就是储存、加工和分配粮食,而粮食的主要来源则是粮食税。因此,粮食的运输、加工、储存和再分配就构成了古王国时期粮仓的基本管理系统。正是通过这套管理系统,古埃及人确保了国家机器的正常运转,维系了社会的繁荣稳定,为埃及国家的长治久安打下了坚实的物质基础。
[Abstract]:Grain is the cornerstone of the sustainable development of ancient farming society, and how to properly store and distribute it is a problem that every civilization has to face. To this end, they have created a system of sound management system, ancient Egypt is no exception. In the ancient kingdom, known as the Pyramid Age, the Egyptians had established an independent granary management system. However, due to the lack of archaeological materials and related documents, scholars at home and abroad have relatively few studies on their personnel setup and management system. According to existing records, the granary was created as an independent institution in the Fifth Dynasty, and in the historical period prior to the Fifth Dynasty, barn management may have been entrusted to the labour department of imy-r ka.t) or to Virgil. The granaries of the ancient kingdom could be divided into national granaries, royal granaries, temple granaries and private granaries. The state granaries are made up of central and local granaries, whose top officers are "double granary regulators" and "granary supervisors". In addition, there are managers at different levels, Among them, the more important senior officials include "granary clerk supervisor", "barn archival clerk supervisor", "grain zv(w)mjat n Vnwtt", "granary food supply supervisor" and "royal granary supervisor" imy-r vnwt nzwtand so on, among them, "granary clerk supervisor", "granary file clerk supervisor", "granary food supply supervisor" and "royal granary supervisor", etc. Together with other junior officials and ordinary workers, they form a large group of granaries. In ancient Egypt, the main duty of granaries was to store, process and distribute grain, and the main source of grain was food taxes. Therefore, the transportation, processing, storage and redistribution of grain constituted the basic management system of granaries in the ancient kingdom. It was through this management system that the ancient Egyptians ensured the normal operation of the state machinery, maintained the prosperity and stability of society, and laid a solid material foundation for the long-term stability of the Egyptian state.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：K411.21

【参考文献】