二战时期日本虐待战俘问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 04:00

本文选题：战俘 + 国际公约　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 战俘问题是战争体系研究中的一个重要组成部分。第二次世界大战是屹今为止人类历史上规模最大的一次战争,也是被俘率最高的战争,官方正式名单上的战俘数量上百万,且尚有大约2000万人由于国籍、种族、宗教或劳动力等原因被秘密囚禁。目前,学术界关于二战时期战俘问题的研究硕果颇丰,但主要集中在对战俘遭遇的描述和对拘留国罪行的揭露上,鲜有对战后幸存战俘赔偿问题的研究。本文以二战时期日本虐待战俘问题研究为题,在查阅大量的历史文献和参考大量的研究成果基础上,对此问题展开较为系统的梳理、诠释和深思。本文分为四部分: 第一部分:简要回顾历史上的战俘问题及其制定的相应法规。该章依历史阶段分为三个时期,从远古时代到十七世纪为第一时期,这一时期,战俘是胜利者的私有财产,可以任意杀害和买卖;从十七世纪到二战时期为第二时期,这一时期产生了对待战俘的人道观念并制定了一系列法规;从第二次世界大战结束到现代为第三时期,这一时期将原有法规进一步完善,并且组建了一些监督机构,国际法规的签约国数目激增。第二部分:讲述二战中被日本俘虏的战俘的生存状况。该章以盟国战俘和中国战俘这两个不同群体为研究对象,分别从转移途中、监狱生活和奴役状况等方面揭示日本对战俘的残酷虐待。第三部分:论述战俘生涯对战俘战后生活的影响及其战后日本对侵略罪行的态度和对战争受害者的赔偿问题。第四部分:这一部分分析战争中战俘遭虐待的原因及历史教训,呼吁弥补健在的二战战俘,进一步完善相应国际法规,建立完善的战争监督机制以建立健康和平的国际社会。
[Abstract]:The question of prisoners of war is an important part of the study of war system. World War II was the largest war in the history of mankind and the highest rate of capture by far. The number of prisoners on the official list is millions, and about 20 million people are still on the list because of their nationality and race. Imprisoned in secret for religious or labour reasons. At present, the academic research on prisoners of war during World War II has been fruitful, but mainly focused on the description of prisoners of war and the disclosures of the crimes of the countries of detention, and there is little research on the compensation of prisoners of war surviving after the war. Based on the research on the abuse of prisoners of war in Japan during World War II, and on the basis of consulting a large number of historical documents and referring to a large number of research achievements, this paper systematically combs, interprets and ponders the problem. This paper is divided into four parts: Part I: a brief review of the issue of prisoners of war in history and the corresponding laws and regulations. The chapter is divided into three periods, from ancient times to the seventeenth century, when prisoners of war were the private property of the victors and could be killed and traded at will, and from the seventeenth century to the second period, This period gave rise to the concept of humanity in the treatment of prisoners of war and made a series of laws and regulations. From the end of the second World War to the third period of modern times, this period further improved the original laws and regulations, and set up a number of supervisory bodies. The number of signatories to international regulations has soared. The second part tells about the living conditions of prisoners of war captured by Japan in World War II. In this chapter, two different groups of allied prisoners of war and Chinese prisoners of war are taken as research objects, which reveal the cruel abuse of prisoners of war in Japan from the aspects of transfer, prison life and servitude, respectively. The third part discusses the influence of POWs' career on POWs' postwar life and Japan's attitude towards the crime of aggression and the compensation of war victims after the war. Part IV: this part analyzes the causes and historical lessons of the abuse of prisoners of war, and appeals to make up for the living prisoners of World War II, to further improve the relevant international laws and regulations, to establish a sound and peaceful international community.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：K152

【参考文献】