神话与雅典民主的创建

发布时间：2018-05-09 18:40

本文选题：雅典民主 + 神话　；参考：《华中师范大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 本论文旨在探索历史时期阿提卡的地区神话与雅典城邦民主制的创建二者之间互动的关系。通过对雅典的古传神话和历史时期新创造的神话故事的考察,我们会发现雅典的神话所表达的主旨往往是对现今社会的关怀,而非对过去岁月的记录。公元前六世纪末到公元前四世纪正是雅典民主政制创建、发展的过程。在这一时间也是阿提卡地区神话不断创新、发展,变化的过程。在雅典人心目里,神话即历史,因而雅典的社会精英为了给社会变革寻找理由,必然从他们的“历史”中寻找依据。于是他们不惜虚构,篡改雅典的古传神话,或者编造新的神话以满足社会发展的需要,给雅典的民主政制这一新生事物寻找合理性的解释。历史时期雅典主要的神话主题或者说伪历史主题包括名祖神话、忒修斯英雄神话、雅典人的土生神话、刺杀僭主的神话和希罗多德在其名著《历史》中为迎合雅典民主政治的发展而对历史事实的虚构。通过对这些神话或者是伪历史主题的逐一考察,我们会发现历史时期雅典的主要神话主题都是典型的政治神话,对雅典有特殊的文化意义和社会功能。它们在对雅典人自身身份的认同、雅典人的社会想象、雅典民主意识形态的建构和雅典民主改革的合理性解释方面存在着巨大的社会和文化功能。同时雅典的民主政制的创建对雅典神话的创新和发展也起到很大的刺激作用。总之,历史时期雅典政治神话的虚构不是对过去历史的回忆和记录,而是为雅典的社会政治和现实服务的。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this thesis is to explore the interaction between Attica's regional mythology and the creation of Athenian city-state democracy. By examining the ancient mythology of Athens and the newly created mythological stories of the historical period, we can find that the purport of the mythology of Athens is often the concern for the present society, not the record of the past years. From the end of the sixth century BC to the fourth century BC, it was the process of the establishment and development of Athenian democracy. In this time is also the Attica region myth innovation, development, change process. In the eyes of Athenians, mythology is history, so the social elite of Athens, in order to find a reason for social change, must seek the basis from their "history". So they did not hesitate to fabricate the ancient mythology of Athens or fabricate new myths to meet the needs of social development and to find a rational explanation for the new thing of Athenian democracy. The main mythical themes or pseudo-historical themes of Athens during the historical period include the famous ancestor myth, the heroic myth of Theseus, and the native mythology of the Athenians. The myth of assassinating the tyrant and Herodotus's fiction of historical facts in his masterpiece History caters to the development of Athenian democracy. By examining these myths or pseudo-historical themes one by one, we can find that the main mythical themes of Athens during the historical period are typical political myths, which have special cultural significance and social function to Athens. They have great social and cultural functions in the recognition of Athenian identity, the social imagination of Athenians, the construction of Athenian democratic ideology and the rational explanation of Athenian democratic reform. At the same time, the creation of Athenian democracy also stimulated the creation and development of Athenian mythology. In a word, the fiction of the political myth of Athens during the historical period is not the memory and record of the past history, but serves the social politics and reality of Athens.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：K125

【参考文献】