论民族主义与阿富汗现代化进程的历史交往

发布时间：2018-05-18 13:19

本文选题：阿富汗 + 民族主义　；参考：《内蒙古民族大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：民族主义与现代化是近代以来世界历史的两大运动,两者相伴而生。在两者的历史交往中,民族主义为现代化注入了多样性,现代化不断重新塑造着民族主义。民族主义与现代化的这一交往特征在阿富汗有着生动的体现。现代阿富汗民族的建构始于18世纪中叶阿富汗杜兰尼王朝的建立,而阿富汗民族主义的兴起则源于对西方强势文化挑战的本能回应。作为阿富汗民族主义诉求之一的“现代化”于19世纪中期开始启动,这反过来又赋予民族主义以“现代性”,随着“青年阿富汗派”的形成,阿富汗民族主义基本形成。与此同时,阿马努拉激进的现代化改革造成了阿富汗民族主义的离散。在纳第尔国王和查希尔国王前期,阿富汗民族主义被聚合到国家层面。但是在“十年宪政”期间,现代化的悖论,以及阿富汗与外部世界交往的失衡,使阿富汗民族主义再次出现了离散现象,群众性的民族主义开始挑战国家民族主义的合法性。1973年政变后,达乌德试图将离散的民族主义再次聚合到国家层面,但以失败告终。“四月革命”后,不仅阿富汗民族主义的行为主体、形式发生重大转变,阿富汗民族主义与现代化的交往特征产生变异,由相互促进变为相互削弱。苏联入侵,“塔利班”掌权更加剧了这一趋势。2001年阿富汗战争后,民族主义与现代化的交往出现了历史的契机,但是两者交往的文明化有待于民族主义自觉性的提升,以及国际社会的支持。
[Abstract]:Nationalism and modernization are two movements in modern world history. In the historical contact between the two, nationalism infused diversity into modernization, and modernization constantly reshaped nationalism. This characteristic of nationalism and modernization is vividly embodied in Afghanistan. The construction of the modern Afghan nation began in the middle of the 18th century with the establishment of the Duraney dynasty in Afghanistan, and the rise of Afghan nationalism originated from the instinctive response to the challenge of Western culture. "Modernization", one of the demands of Afghan nationalism, started in the middle of 19th century, which in turn gave nationalism "modernity". With the formation of "Young Afghan faction", Afghan nationalism basically formed. At the same time, Amanullah's radical modernisation led to the fragmentation of Afghan nationalism. In the early days of King Nadir and King Zahir, Afghan nationalism was converged at the national level. But during the decade of Constitutionalism, the paradox of modernization, and the imbalance in Afghanistan's engagement with the outside world, led to the resurgence of the phenomenon of separation of Afghan nationalism. Mass nationalism has begun to challenge the legitimacy of national nationalism. After the 1973 coup, Daud tried to reunite discrete nationalism to the national level, but failed. After the "April Revolution", not only the main actors of Afghan nationalism, but also the interaction characteristics of Afghan nationalism and modernization changed from mutual promotion to mutual weakening. The Soviet Union invaded and the "Taliban" came to power, adding to this trend. After the war in Afghanistan in 2001, there was a historical opportunity for nationalistic and modern exchanges, but the civilisation of the exchanges between the two had yet to be enhanced by nationalistic consciousness. And the support of the international community.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K372

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