美国空军与美国全球战略研究（1947—1969）

发布时间：2018-05-27 16:41

本文选题：美国空军 + 全球战略　；参考：《东北师范大学》2005年博士论文

【摘要】：美国空军在短短的半个多世纪里发展成为世界上最强大的空中力量。近几年来,在美国所进行的海湾战争、科索沃、阿富汗和伊拉克战争等几场高技术战争中,美国空军所起到的决定战争态势的作用越来越突出。其实,美国空军的现状离不开冷战时期美国历届政府对美国空军的重视和发展,回顾美国空军的成长壮大的历史,不难发现在整个冷战期间,美国空军的发展与壮大都与美国的全球战略息息相关。目前,我国学术界对当代美国空军研究的比较深入,但是从历史的角度来研究美国空军与美国全球战略之间关系的著作屈指可数。本文从军事与外交一致性角度对美国空军进行研究。作者主要以冷战期间从杜鲁门到约翰逊四位总统时期美国全球战略演变为历史背景,系统地梳理1947年-1969年从成为独立军种到约翰逊政府结束时的美国空军与美国全球战略演变之间的关系,归纳各个政府时期的美国全球战略与美国空军发展壮大的特点,进而总结出冷战初期美国空军的发展是随着美国全球战略演变而变化,从而揭示美国空军成为美国历届政府时期推行其全球战略的重要工具的实质。本文分为五个部分:绪论;第一章杜鲁门政府的“遏制战略”与美国空军冷战初期的任务和角色;第二章艾森豪威尔政府的“大规模报复战略”与美国空军核心战略地位的确立;第三章肯尼迪、约翰逊政府的“灵活反应战略”与美国空军的发展;结论。绪论部分介绍了本项研究的选题意义、价值、资料来源及研究方法以及国内外学术界对于美国空军历史的研究现状。第一章探讨了杜鲁门政府时期的全球战略——对苏“遏制战略”的形成过程及其对美国空军成为独立军种的影响。作者简要地追溯了美国空军独立的历史背景,着重介绍了杜鲁门政府从美国全球战略出发,对国家安全体制进行的改革,而美国空军的独立是国家安全体制调整的一部分。这初步确立了美国空军从成为独立军种开始,就担负起遏制苏联和其他社会主义国家的战略任务。第二章探讨了艾森豪威尔政府时期的全球战略——“新面貌”政策及其核心“大规模报复战略”的出台确立了美国空军在国家安全战略中的核心地位。作者分析了“大规模报复战略”的实质就是依靠核威慑。而美国空军在拥有“三位一体”的核威慑力量之一轰炸机的同时,还着重发展洲际弹道导弹,最终成为核威慑的主要力量。此外美国空军还在大陆防御和美国的集体防御中也起到重要的作用。在美苏开始在外层空间领域进行新的争夺时,美国空军成为“太空军事化”的先驱。美国空军主动承担起在外层空间为美国全球战略服务的角色。同时美国空军还是美国国防体制改革的积极推动者。第三章探讨了肯尼迪、约翰逊政府时期全球战略——“新边疆”政策及其核心“灵活反应战略”对美国空军建设和发展的影响。作者分析了肯尼迪和约翰逊政府出于维护美国在全球的战略利益目的考虑,改变只依靠核威慑的军事战略,不但重视核力量的发展,而且积极发展常规军事力量。为了适应新的军事战略调整的需要,美国空军在继续扩大其拥有核力量的战略空军的同时,也开始重视战术空军和军事空运,以应付可能在
[Abstract]:The United States Air Force has developed into the most powerful air force in the world for more than half a century. In recent years, the United States Air Force has played a more and more important role in determining the war situation in several high-tech wars, such as the Gulf War, Kosovo, Afghanistan, and the Iraq War. Without the attention and development of the United States Air Force during the cold war and the history of the growth and growth of the United States Air Force, it is not difficult to find that during the whole cold war, the development of the United States Air force is closely related to the global strategy of the United States. This paper studies the relationship between the United States Air Force and the United States global strategy. This paper studies the United States Air Force from the perspective of military and diplomatic consistency. The author is based on the historical background of the global strategic evolution of the United States during the period of the cold war from Truman to the four presidents of Johnson, systematically combing the -1969 year of 1947. The relationship between the United States Air Force and the global strategic evolution of the United States at the end of the Johnson administration concludes the characteristics of the United States global strategy and the development of the United States Air Force in various government periods, and then concludes that the development of the United States Air Force in the early Cold War has changed with the global strategic evolution of the United States, thus revealing the US air force. It became the essence of the important tools for us to implement its global strategy during successive administrations.
This article is divided into five parts: Introduction: the first chapter of the "strategy of containment" of the Truman administration and the task and role of the early Cold War of the United States Air Force; the second chapter of the "large-scale revenge strategy" of the Eisenhower administration and the establishment of the core strategic position of the United States Air Force; the third chapter Kennedy, the "flexible response strategy" of the Johnson government and the American air. The development of the army; the conclusion. The introduction introduces the significance, value, sources and methods of this study, and the status of the research on the history of the United States Air Force at home and abroad.
The first chapter discusses the global strategy of the Truman Administration - the formation process of the "containment strategy" and its influence on the United States Air Force as an independent military. The author briefly traces the historical background of the independence of the United States Air Force and focuses on the Truman administration's reform of the national security system from the global strategy of the United States. The independence of the United States Air force is part of the adjustment of the national security system, which has initially established the strategic task of the United States Air Force to contain the Soviet Union and other socialist countries, starting from becoming an independent military.
The second chapter discusses the global strategy of the Eisenhower Administration - the "new look" policy and its core "large-scale retaliation strategy" which established the core status of the US Air Force in national security strategy. The author analyses that the essence of the "large-scale revenge strategy" is to rely on nuclear deterrence. The US Air force has "three". At the same time, one of the nuclear deterrent forces also focused on the development of intercontinental ballistic missiles, and eventually became a major deterrent to nuclear deterrence. In addition, the US Air Force also played an important role in continental defense and the collective defense of the United States. The United States Air force is the active promoter of the US defense system reform.
The third chapter discusses the influence of the global strategy of Kennedy and Johnson government on the "new frontier" policy and its core "flexible response strategy" on the construction and development of the United States Air Force. The author analyses that the government of Kennedy and Johnson, in order to maintain the strategic interests of the United States in the world, change the military war that only relies on nuclear deterrence. In order to adapt to the needs of the new military strategic adjustment, the US air force, while continuing to expand its strategic air force with nuclear power, also began to attach importance to tactical air force and military airlift in order to cope with the possibility.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：E712.9;K712.5

【引证文献】